This Web document is updated twice a year, on or about the first day of registration for Fall and Spring semesters.

1070  Radiation in the Real World (3) Prerequisite: MATH 1050. Fulfills Applied Science.
   This course, designed for non-specialist, will cover the physical aspects of radiation. The object is to give the student the tools to better assess the risks due to radiation, and to make better informed public policy decisions about this increasingly important subject. Major topics to be discussed are the properties of the various kinds of radiation, natural and man-made radiation sources, the measurement of radiation including radiation detection instruments, commercial industrial and medical uses of radiation, radiation shielding, and the problems posed by radioactive waste. The basic relationships describing radioactive decay, half life, source strength, shielding, and dose calculations will be covered.

1270  Introduction to Electrical and Computer Engineering (4) Prerequisite: MATH 1210. Co-requisite: ECE 1020 and MATH 1220 and PHYS 2210.
   The basics of analog circuits as an introduction to Electrical and Computer Engineering. Concepts of voltage, current, power, resistance, capacitance, and inductance. Circuit analysis techniques such as Kirchhoff's Laws, node voltages, and mesh currents. Thevenin's and Norton's equivalent circuits. Simple op-amp and timing circuits. Alternating current and impedance.

2200  Electrical and Computer Engineering for Civil Engineers (1.5) Prerequisite: MATH 2250 and PHYS 2220.
   Fundamentals of electrical and computer engineering topics relevant to the practice of civil engineering.

2210  Electrical and Computer Engineering for Nonmajors (3) Prerequisite: MATH 2250 and PHYS 2220.
   Fundamentals of electrical and computer engineering topics for non-electrical and computer engineers. Covers fundamentals of dc and ac circuit theory, active semiconductor devices (diodes, transistors, amplifiers), 60 Hz-power circuits and equipment (2 and 3 phase circuits, transformers, motors), transducers and actuators, safety considerations.

2260  Fundamentals of Electric Circuits (4) Prerequisites: ECE 1020, 1270, MATH 1210, PHYS 2210. Co-requisites: MATH 2250, PHYS 2220.
   Fundamental electric-circuit techniques, including Kirchhoff's Laws, impedance, superposition, phasor transforms, RLC solutions in the time domain, sinusoidal steady-state systems, frequency response, filters, Fourier-series methods, Laplace-transform techniques, transformers.

2280  Fundamentals of Engineering Electronics (4) Prerequisite: ECE 2260 and PHYS 2220 and MATH 2250.
   Fundamentals of electronic circuits and components, network models of amplifiers, basic semiconductor device physics, diodes, bipolar and MOS transistors, basic analog and digital circuit elements, frequency response, feedback and stability. Introduction to computer circuit simulation.

2910  Sophomore Seminar (0.5) Prerequisite: Major status in ECE.
   Seminar course to introduce Electrical Engineering students to the subspecialties of the discipline.

3110  Engineering Electronics II (4) Prerequisite: ECE 2280.
   Analog- and digital-integrated circuit techniques, filters and tuned amplifiers, signal generator, waveform shaping circuits, power amplifier and power semiconductor devices, computer models and computer simulations of complex devices and circuits.

3200  Introduction to Semiconductor Device Physics (3) Prerequisite: Major status in ECE.
   Covers semiconductor material properties including crystal structure, classification of crystals, and electronic structure of atoms within the semiconductor. Provides derivations of principles of quantum mechanics and application to problems such as the quantum well. Covers energy bands and changes to energy levels within energy bands from doping, fundamentals of carrier generation, transportation, recombination, and the structure and operation principles of the basic solid-state p-n junction.

3300  Fundamentals of Electromagnetics and Transmission Lines (4) Prerequisite: ECE 2280 and PHYS 2220 and MATH 2250. Fulfills Quantitative Intensive BS.
   Brief introduction to vector calculus, definition of electric and magnetic fields. Maxwells equations in integral and differential forms, electromagnetic-wave propagation in free space and in material regions, Poynting theorem, and electromagnetic power. Transmission lines (transient and steady-state analysis), Smith chart, and impedance matching techniques. Basic principles of radiation and propagation in waveguides.

3500  Fundamentals of Signals and Systems (4) Prerequisite: ECE 2260 and MATH 2210 and 2250. Fulfills Quantitative Intensive BS.
   Transform domain analysis of passive circuits. Linear and time invariant systems in continuous-time and discrete-time domains. System representations using impulse-response functions, frequency responses and transfer functions. Realizations of linear time-invariant systems. Fourier analysis of continuous and discrete-time signals. Sampling theorem. Filter design from specifications.

3510  Introduction to Feedback Systems (4) Prerequisite: ECE 3500.
   Laplace transforms, boundedness and convergence of signals. Transfer functions, stability, steady-state and transient responses, effect of initial conditions, state-space representations. Feedforward and feedback control, steady-state error and integral control, Routh-Hurwitz criterion, root-locus method, application to phase-locked loops. Bode plots, Nyquist criterion, gain and phase margins. The z-transform and the analysis of discrete-time signals and systems. Sampled-date systems, conversions between continuous-time and discrete-time systems.

3530  Engineering Probability and Statistics (3) Prerequisite: MATH 2210.
   An introduction to probability theory and statistics, with an emphasis on solving problems in electrical and computer engineering. Topics in probability include discrete and continuous random variables, probability distributions, sums and functions of random variables, the law of large numbers, and the central limit theorem. Topics in statistics include sample mean and variance, estimating distributions, correlation, regression, and hypothesis testing. Engineering applications include failure analysis, process control, communication systems, and speech recognition.

3700  Fundamentals of Digital System Design (4) Cross listed as CS 3700. Prerequisite: CS 2000 or 1410 and PHYS 2220. Fulfills Quantitative Intensive BS.
   Techniques for reasoning about, designing, minimizing, and implementing digital circuits and systems. Combinational (logic and arithmetic) and sequential circuits are covered in detail leading up to the design of complete small digital systems using finite state machine controllers. Use of computer-aided tools for design, minimization, and simulation of circuits. Laboratory is included involving circuit implementation with MSI, LSI, and field programmable gate arrays.

3710  Computer Design Laboratory (3) Cross listed as CS 3710. Prerequisite: ECE/CS 3700 and 3810.
   Working in teams, students employ the concepts of digital logic design and computer organization to design, implement and test a computing system. Interface IO devices and develop associated software/firmware. Extensive use of CAD and software tools.

3740  Introduction to Quantum Theory and Relativity (3) Cross listed as PHYS 3740. Recommended Prerequisite: PHYS 2220 and MATH 2250. Fulfills Quantitative Intensive BS.
   Introduction to Special Relativity: time dilation, length contraction, Lorentz transforms. Introduction to classical and quantum statistics. Maxwell-Beltzman, Fermi-Diraz, Bose-Einstein, Pauli principle with emphasis on relativistic energy and momentum. The quantization of light: Planck black body radiation, the photoelectric effect and x-rays, and Bragg diffraction. Basic quantum ideas: wave-particle duality, uncertainty relations, and wave packets. Introduction to quantum mechanics: Schrodinger equation in one, two, and three dimensions. Squarewells barriers, harmonic oscillator, and hydrogen atom. Quantum properties of spin and angular momentum: Zeeman effect, Stern-Gerlach experiment, atomic and molecular structure, and covalent bonding. Multi-electron atoms and the Periodic Table. Applications to solid-state physics, particle physics, and nuclear physics per instructor and time permitting.

3810  Computer Organization (4) Cross listed as CS 3810. Prerequisite: CS 2000 or 2420. Fulfills Quantitative Intensive BS.
   An in-depth study of computer architecture and design, including topics such as RISC and CISC instruction set architectures, CPU organizations, pipelining, memory systems, input/output, and parallel machines. Emphasis is placed on performance measures and compilation issues.

3900  Junior Seminar (0.5) Prerequisite: Electrical Engineering Major in junior year of program.
   Talks from industry representatives, information about Engineering Clinic projects, professionalism.

3940  Technical Communication I (1.5) Prerequisite: Major status in ECE.
   Prepares electrical engineering students to effectively communicate technical information to a diverse audience in written and oral form. Emphasizes oral presentations and creation of visual media. Prepares students for employment searches. Includes team-building exercises and incorporates current topics in electrical and computer engineering.

3950  Technical Communication II (1.5) Prerequisite: ECE 3940.
   Prepares electrical engineering students to effectively communicate technical information to a diverse audience in written and oral form. Emphasizes writing of project proposals. Students will gain skills researching a topic and communicating information to both technical and non-technical audiences.

3960  Undergraduate Special Topics (0.5 to 6)
   Undergraduate 3000-level special topics.

3962  Undergraduate Special Topics (0.5 to 6)
   Undergraduate 3000-level special topics.

3991  CE Junior Seminar (0.5) Cross listed as CS 3991. Prerequisite: Computer Engineering major status.
   Presentations from faculty and industry representatives to discuss trends in computer engineering, professionalism, ethics, the impact of engineering in global and societal context, lifelong learning, and contemporary issues.

3992  Computer Engineering Pre-Thesis/Pre-Project (0.5) Cross listed as CS 3992. Prerequisite: ECE/CS 3710 and 3991 and Computer Engineering major status. Co-requisite: CS 5780.
   Fundamentals of project planning (scoping, group selection, risk assessment, scheduling, backup planning, strategy, etc.) are covered in the first half of the course. The second half involves student presentation and critique of proposals in progress. The final result of the course will be an approved project or thesis proposal.

4710  Computer Engineering Senior Project (3) Cross listed as CS 4710. Prerequisite: CS/ECE 3710, 3992, 5780.
   This is the capstone project course for Computer Engineering majors who do not choose to do a thesis. Projects are done in groups and are of the student's choosing. Classroom sessions are devoted to improving presentation skills and serve as peer reviews of the idea and work done to date. Multiple in-progress oral presentations are required as is a final written project report and a final oral presentation.

4900  Senior Thesis I (2) Prerequisite: Electrical Engineering major and Senior in final year of program. ECE 3900 and 3950.
   Only for students with major status and seniors within one year of graduation. May not be taken by pre-electrical-and-computer-engineering, non-electrical-and-computer-engineering, or probationary students. Laboratory included. Original engineering project, selected with approval of instructor; regular oral and written progress reports.

4910  Senior Thesis II (3) Prerequisite: ECE 4900. Fulfills Upper Division Communication/Writing.
   Taught as writing emphasis. Students write reports describing work done on ECE 4900 project and make oral presentations at annual student technical conference.

4950  Continuation of Senior Thesis (1 to 2) Prerequisite: ECE 4910 and instructor's consent.
   The professor may determine that it is appropriate for students in Senior Thesis sections (usually Clinic sections) to continue work on their project during summer or the next fall semester, if the project proves to be too complicated to complete by the end of Spring semester, or if an additional task is specified. In this case the professor may permit the students to register for an appropriate number of credit hours in ECE 4950. The credit must represent additional significant work beyond the five-credit hours normally earned for Senior Thesis.

4960  Undergraduate Special Topics (0.5 to 6)
   Undergraduate 4000-level special topics.

4961  Undergraduate Special Topics (0.5 to 6)
   Undergraduate 4000-level special topics.

4962  Undergraduate Special Topics (0.5 to 6)
   Undergraduate 4000-level special topics.

4990  Cooperative Education Work Period (1) Prerequisite: Consent of cooperative education coordinator and faculty advisor.
   Students must register for ECE 4990 each semester they officially participate in a full-time cooperative work experience.

4991  Computer Engineering Senior Thesis I (2) Cross listed as CS 4991. Prerequisite: ECE/CS 3992 and approved senior thesis proposal.
   Students work on an original senior thesis project under the direction of their approved thesis advisor. This course along with ECE/CS 4992 substitute for ECE/CS 4710 (Computer Engineering Senior Project) for students who have chosen to do a thesis.

4992  Computer Engineering Senior Thesis II (2) Cross listed as CS 4992. Prerequisite: ECE/CS 4991.
   Students work on original senior thesis project under the direction of their approved thesis advisor, make an oral presentation at the annual student technical conference, and prepare and submit their senior thesis for approval. This course along with ECE/CS 4991 substitute for ECE/CS 4710 (Computer Engineering Senior Project) for students who have chosen to do a thesis.

4994  Engineering for the Community (1) Cross listed as CH EN 4994. Prerequisite: Major status in ECE.
   Students (in groups of about 3) will participate in outreach service projects in the local community by preparing and presenting engineering projects for in-school and after-school K-12 programs. Students will visit diverse community groups to determine their needs and interests that may be addressed through engineering. Students will learn about the type of technical skills and careers available in each engineering discipline and how they are used in the engineering design process. They will practice skills for communicating technical information to a diverse non-technical audience and explore impacts and opportunities for engineering in our local, national, and international community.

4998  Senior Honors Thesis I (2) Prerequisite: Senior status and Honors degree candidate.
   Restricted to students in the Honors Program working on their Honors degree.

4999  Senior Honors Thesis II (3) Prerequisite: ECE 4998.
   Restricted to students in the Honors Program working on their Honors degree.

5201  Semiconductor Device Physics I (3) Prerequisite: MSE 3210.
   Physical principles that underlie operation of semiconductor electronic devices with emphasis on silicon integrated circuits. Physics of semiconductor materials, equilibrium in electronic systems, metal semiconductor contacts, p-n junction theory, junction field effect transistors, introduction to operation of bipolar transistors.

5202  Semiconductor Device Physics II (3) Prerequisite: ECE 5201.
   Continuation of ECE 5201. Bipolar transistors, silicon-silicon dioxide system, insulated gate field effect transistors (IGFETs). Mathematical models for computer simulation of bipolar and MOS devices. Second-order effects associated with very small geometry devices, and other devices of current interest.

5211  Semiconductor Device Physics Laboratory I (1) Co-requisite: ECE 5201.
   Hands-on experience in the fabrication of silicon devices. Use of oxidation, donor and acceptor diffusion, and high resolution photolithography in a clean room facility. Characterization of silicon, measurement of basic parameters, oxide thickness, dopant diffusion. Introduction to metallization and contacts.

5212  Semiconductor Device Physics Laboratory II (1) Prerequisite: ECE 5201 and 5211. Co-requisite: ECE 5202.
   Integrated knowledge of individual processing steps with more complex processing equipment. Fabricate and characterize simple transistors and integrated circuits.

5221  Fundamentals of Micromachining Processes (3) Cross listed as ME EN 5050.
   Meets with ME EN 6050, ECE 6221, BIOEN 6421, MSE 6421. Introduction to the principles of micromachining technologies. Topics include photolithography, silicon etching, thin film deposition and etching, electroplating, polymer micromachining, and bonding techniques. A weekly lab and a review of micromachining applications is included. Undergraduate students only.

5222  Biomedical Applications of Micromachining (2) Cross listed as BIOEN 6422. Prerequisite: ECE 5221 or BIOEN 6421 or MSE 5221.
   Meets with ECE 6222. Use of the technologies from the first course in the series (ECE/BIOEN 5221) to investigate biomedical applications of micromachining. Course focuses on the design and development of microsensor/actuator systems; laboratory focus is on the fabrication and testing of microscale sensor/actuator systems. Laboratory included. Undergraduate students only.

5225  Microsystems Design and Characterization (3) Cross listed as MET E 5055, ME EN 5055, CH EN 5659, MSE 5055. Prerequisite: Senior status; SemiCon Dev Phys./Micromanufacturing
   Meets with ME EN 6055, BIOEN 6423, ECE 6225, MET E 6055, MSE 6055, CH EN 6659. Third in a 3-course series on Microsystems Engineering. This course generalizes microsystems design considerations with practical emphasis on MEMS and IC characterization/physical analysis. Two lectures, one lab per week, plus 1/2 hour lab lecture. Must also register for ME EN 6056 (0-credit lab with fees).

5320  Microwave Engineering I (4) Pre-requisite: ECE 3300.
   Brief review of transmission line theory and Smith Chart, general theory of waveguides, TE, TM, TEM modes, some commonly used waveguides and transmission lines including microstripline and its variations for microwave integrated circuits, matching techniques including conjugate matching, passive components, scattering matrices and signal-flow graphs, ABCD parameters, directional couplers and hybrids, power dividers and combiners, signal-flow graphs for microwave amplifiers, microwave resonators and filters including design considerations, filter design by image parameter method, constant-k and m-derived filters, maximally flat and equal-ripple filters, coupled-line filters, ferrite components. Biweekly laboratory assignments to design, fabricate, and test microstrip circuits: e.g., low and band-pass filters, coupled-line filters, directional couplers, etc., using professional-level computer sofware and network analyzers.

5321  Microwave Engineering II (3) Prerequisite: ECE 5320.
   Nonlinear and active microwave devices including diodes, mixers, transistors, and negative resistance devices; compressed Smith Chart; balanced and double-balanced mixer design; transistor amplifier theory and design for best gain, stability, and noise performance. Oscillator theory and design using transistors, tunnel diodes, IMPATTs, and Gunn diodes. PIN diode switching circuits and phase shifters. Survey of design and performance of microwave systems and auxiliary components; antennas, signal modulation and multiplexing, transceiver and radar systems, signal-to-noise ratios, atmospheric effects, microwave heating, biological effects and safety. Course includes biweekly laboratory assignments using microstrip-integrated circuits with professional-level design and test equipment. Demonstrations of other active components such as traveling wave tubes, klystrons, and backward oscillators are also provided.

5324  Antenna Theory and Design (3) Prerequisite: ECE 3300.
   General theory of conduction current antennas; linear antennas including dipoles and monopoles; antenna equivalent impedance; design of AM, FM, TV and shortwave broadcast antennas of one or more elements including ground and mutual impedance effects; matching techniques including lumped, shunt, and series elements, transmission lines and conjugate matching; receiving antennas; antennas used for mobile communication systems and their radiation characteristics; antenna arrays and their design; wave propagation including propagation via ionosphere or troposphere; loop antennas and Yagi-Uda arrays; antenna synthesis for specified radiation patterns. UHF and microwave antennas including corner reflector antennas, helical antennas, theory of aperture antennas including rectangular and circular apertures; broadband log-periodic antennas; microstrip antennas and phased arrays including applications for wireless communication systems; slot antennas, turnstile, horn and parabolic radiators; considerations for radar antennas and communication links. Antenna ranges and measurement techniques. Laboratory demonstrations of radiation patterns of portable wireless antennas with and without the model of the head. Visits to various antenna installations in the Salt Lake valley by groups of three students.

5325  Wireless Communication Systems (3) Prerequisite: ECE 3300 and 3500 or equivalent.
   Introduction to wireless transmission systems. This course will emphasize how individual parameters affect overall system design and performance. Topics include: basic cellular systems and parameters, multi-path channels and modulation techniques.

5330  Introduction to Microwave Tubes and Electron Devices (3) Prerequisite: ECE 3300 and MATH 3150.
   Introduction to design, operation, and application of microwave and millimeter-wave vacuum tubes; klystrons, traveling-wave tubes, backward-wave oscillators, magnetrons, gyrotrons, free-electron lasers.

5340  Numerical Techniques in Electromagnetics (3) Prerequisite: ECE 3300.
   Meets with ECE 6340. Review of basic numerical techniques including matrix methods and numerical methods for error minimization and convergence. Comparison of differential and integral formulations including finite difference, finite element, and moment methods. Emphasis on frequency domain method of moments and time domain finite difference (FDTD). Computer exercises require Fortran, C, or equivalent programming and computerized data display techniques. Undergraduate students only.

5410  Lasers and Their Applications (3) Prerequisite: ECE 3300.
   Physics and applications of lasers. All major laser types are studied, including semiconductor, gas, dye, and solid-state lasers. Emphasis is placed on the properties of laser light and how they are used in a myriad of applications. Hands-on laboratory experience is included.

5411  Optical Communcation Systems (3) Prerequisite: ECE 5410.
   Systematic study of modern optical-fiber communication systems; Loss-limited systems vs. dispersion-limited systems; Point-to-point links, broadcast and distribution systems, and optical networks; Wavelength-division multiplexing (WDM) and sub-carrier multiplexing (SCM); optical amplifiers and dispersion compensation; Emphasis is on system design. Includes hands-on laboratory experience.

5480  Principles of Ultrasound (3) Cross listed as BIOEN 5480. Prerequisite: PHYS 2220.
   Acoustic-wave propagation in biological materials with examples of practical medical instrumentation resulting from ultrasound interactions with biological structures. Includes one lab experience.

5510  Random Processes (3) Prerequisite: ECE 3500 and ECE 3530.
   Review of probability theory; multivariate distributions; Gaussian distributions; weak and strong law of large numbers; random processes; stationarity and ergodicity; mean-value function; auto- and cross-correlation functions; power spectral densities; Wiener-Khinchine theorem; Karhunen-Loeve expansion; Gaussian random processes; random processes in linear filters; white Gaussian noise.

5520  Digital Communication Systems (3) Prerequisite: ECE 5510.
   Modern communications; probabilistic viewpoint; vector representation of signal; signal spaces; vector channels; additive white Gaussian noise; optimum receivers; maximum-likelihood detection; error probabilities; memoryless modulation methods: PAM, BPSK, M-PSK, FSK, QAM; message sequences; intersymbol interference (ISI); Nyquist signaling; complex baseband models; noncoherent detection.

5530  Digital Signal Processing (3) Prerequisite: ECE 3510.
   Meets with ECE 6530. Discrete-time signals and systems; the z-transform. Input-output relationships; discrete-time networks. The discrete-time Fourier transform and sampling; practical sampling issues; signal quantization. The discrete Fourier transform, the fast Fourier transform, and high-speed convolution. Filter design from analog models; impulse-invariant, bilinear, and spectral transformations. FIR filter design, windowing, and frequency-sampling methods. Equiripple filter design. Coefficient quantization. Examples of DSP applications and implementations. Undergraduate students only.

5550  Survey of Function Approximation Methods (3) Prerequisite: MATH 2210, 2250 and 3150.
   Meets with ECE 6552. Industrial problems requiring function approximations, Fourier series, universal series approximations, fuzzy logic, radial basis functions, neural networks, linear interpolation, triangulation, window reticulation, response surfaces, polynomials, cubic splines, sinc functions, Bezier curves. Undergraduate students only.

5570  Control of Electric Motors (3) Prerequisite: ECE 3510.
   Principles of operation, mathematical models, and control techniques for electric motors. Types of motors include brush DC motors, stepper motors, brushless DC motors, synchronous motors and induction motors. Topics covered: steady-state and dynamic characteristics, torque limits and field weakening operation, characteristics under voltage and current sources, open-loop and closed-loop control of position and velocity, and field-oriented operation for AC motors.

5580  Implementations of Digital Signal Processing Systems (3) Prerequisite: ECE 5530 and 5710.
   Meets with ECE 6580. Review of common DSP systems and functional elements; number representations. Implementation of bit-parallel, bit-serial, and digit-serial multiplier and adder structures; carry-save arithmetic; register minimization. Architectural transformation techniques: folding and unfolding, pipelining, and retiming of computations. Performance and hardware tradeoffs in VLSI DSP system design. Pipelined and parallel direct-form FIR and IIR filter structures. Pipelined adaptive filter structures. Architectures for the fast Fourier transform. Undergraduate students only.

5710  Digital VLSI Design (4) Cross listed as CS 5710. Prerequisite: CP SC 3700.
   Meets with ECE/CS 6710. Basic concepts of the design of digital CMOS integrated circuits. Course topics include static and dynamic properties of MOS circuits, composite layout of CMOS circuits, modeling of transistors for stimulation, and commonly encountered CMOS circuit structures. Students complete design, composite layout, and simulation of a simple integrated circuit using computer-aided design tools.

5720  Analog Integrated Circuit Design (3) Cross listed as CS 5720. Prerequisite: ECE 3110.
   Meets with ECE/CS 6720. Design of analog and mixed-signal CMOS integrated circuits. Fundamental building blocks for analog circuits, including the basic principles of op amp, current mirror, and comparator design. The basics of sample-and-hold circuits. Students complete integrated circuit design, simulation, layout, and verification using computer-aided design tools. Undergraduate students only.

5740  Computer-Aided Design of Digital Circuits (3) Cross listed as CS 5740. Prerequisite: CS/ECE 3700 and CS 4100.
   Meets with ECE/CS 6740. Introduction to theory and algorithms used for computer-aided synthesis of digital integrated circuits. Topics include algorithms and representations for Boolean optimization, hardware modeling, combinational logic optimization, sequential logic optimization, and technology mapping. Undergraduate students only.

5745  Testing and Verification of Digital Circuits (3) Cross listed as CS 5745. Prerequisite: ECE/CS 3700.
   Study of failure and fault models in digital circuits, stuck-at-faults, transition faults, transistor faults, combinational/sequential circuit ATPG, FSM testing, design fault test, LFSR and BIST, equivalence checking, BDDs, BMDs, canonical representations of Boolean functions.

5750  Synthesis and Verification of Asynchronous VLSI Systems (3) Cross listed as CS 5750. Prerequisite: CS/ECE 3700 and CS 3505.
   Meets with ECE/CS 6750. Introduction to systematic methods for the design of asynchronous VLSI systems from high-level specifications to efficient, reliable circuit implantations. Topics include specification, protocols, graphical representations, synthesis, optimization using timing information, and verification. Undergraduate students only.

5780  Embedded System Design (4) Cross listed as CS 5780. Prerequisite: ECE/CS 3810 and either CS 2000 or 4400.
   Meets with CS/ECE 6780. Introduction to issues in embedded system design using microcontrollers. Topics include: microcontroller architecture, memory interfacing, serial and parallel I/O interfacing, analog interfacing, interrupt synchronization, and embedded software.

5785  Advanced Embedded Systems (3) Cross listed as CS 5785. Prerequisite: CS/ECE 5780 or 6780.
   This class is about building reliable and efficient embedded systems, with a bias toward software issues and a bias toward whole-system issues. Students complete several projects in C running on ARM-based embedded development boards. The course covers a number of special topics, such as embedded software architectures, digital signal processing, feedback control, real-time scheduling, verification and validation, wired and wireless embedded networks, and safety-critical embedded system.

5830  VLSI Architecture (3) Cross listed as CS 5830. Prerequisite: CS/ECE 3700 and 3810.
   Meets with ECE/CS 6830. Project-based study of a variety of topics related to VLSI systems. Use of field-programmable gate arrays to design, implement, and test a VLSI project. Undergraduate students only.

5950  Undergraduate Special Study (0.5 to 6) Prerequisite: Instructor's consent.

5960  Special Topics (0.5 to 6)
   Undergraduate 5000-level special topics.

5961  Special Topics (0.5 to 6)
   Undergraduate 5000-level special topics.

5962  Special Topics (0.5 to 6)
   Undergraduate 5000-level special topics.

6110  Physics of X-Ray and Ultrasound (3) Cross listed as BIOEN 6310.
   Physical aspects and principles of X-ray, CT and ultrasound radiology, including an overview of the hardware related to these medical-imaging modalities.

6120  Physics of Nuclear Medicine and MRI (3) Cross listed as BIOEN 6320.
   Physical aspects and principles of nuclear medicine and MRI, including an investigation into the design of hardware related to these medical imaging modalities.

6221  Fundamentals of Micromachining Processes (3) Cross listed as MSE 6421, BIOEN 6421, ME EN 6050.
   Meets with ECE 5221 and ME EN 5050. Introduction to the principles of micromachining technologies. Topics include photolithography, silicon etching, thin film deposition and etching, electroplating, polymer micromachining, and bonding techniques. A weekly lab and a review of micromachining applications is included. Graduate students only. Extra work required.

6222  Biomedical Applications of Micromachining (2) Prerequisite: ECE 6221.
   Meets with ECE 5222. Use of the technologies from the first course in the series (ECE 6221) to investigate biomedical applications of micromachining. Course focuses on the design and development of microsensor/actuator systems; laboratory focus is on the fabrication and testing of microscale sensor/actuator systems. Laboratory included. Graduate students only. Extra work required.

6225  Microsystems Design and Characterization (4) Cross listed as MET E 6055, BIOEN 6423, MSE 6055, ME EN 6055, CH EN 6659. Prerequisite: Graduate status (or instructor approval); Microsystems or semiconductor lab.
   Meets with ME EN 5055, ECE 5225, MET E 5055, MSE 5055, CH EN 5659. Third in a 3-course series on Microsystems Engineering. This course generalizes microsystems design considerations with practical emphasis on MEMS and IC characterization/physical analysis. Two lectures, one lab per week, plus 1/2 hour lab lecture. Must also register for ME EN 6056 (0-credit lab with fees). Graduate students only. Extra work required.

6231  Microsensors and Actuators (3) Cross listed as ECE 7231. Prerequisite: ECE 5221/ 6221 or equivalent.
   The course builds on ECE 5221/6221, Fundamentals of Micromachining. Topics include definitions, categorization and application fields of microsensors and actuators, an introduction to solid state physics, piezoresistive sensors, semiconductor-based temperature sensors, magnetoresistive sensors, thermoelectric sensors, photoelectric sensors, micro gas and fluid concentration sensors, molecular diagnostics arrays, and various actuators (relays, micromotors, inkjet printheads, micropumps), sensor packaging and assembly. Registration for a weekly lab (1) is required. Extra work required of graduate students.

6232  Microsensors and Actuators Lab (1) Prerequisite: ECE 5221/6221 or equivalent. Co-requisite: ECE 6231 or 7231.
   The lab is a compulsory section to the lecture Microsensors and Actuators (ECE 6231/7231) and builds on ECE 5221/6221, Fundamentals of Micromachining. The lab will include the following topics: design and simulation of microsensors and actuators, process design, packaging and assembly, characterization and testing of microsensors and actuators as well as reliability issues. The first part of the lab will focus on the acquirement of additional technological skills and understanding of sensor characteristics. The second part of the lab will lead to the fabrication, characterization and presentation of a variety of fully functional microsensors or actuators. Examples of these are pressure, force, acceleration, gas sensors and inkjet printheads.

6261  Physical Theory of Semiconductor Devices (3) Prerequisite: ECE 5202.
   Development of a thorough, working knowledge of the physics of semiconductor materials and devices, including quantum effects. Examination of advanced devices, including light emitting diodes, solar cells, detectors, and injection lasers.

6262  Advanced Optoelectronics (3) Prerequisite: ECE 5411.
   Introduces the technology of ultrafast diode lasers from the basic physical principles through to the applications in communications and ultrafast optoelectronics and applications of semiconductor diode laser arrays. All of the major types of arrays will be discussed including coherent, incoherent, edge- and surface-emitting, horitzontal- and vertical-cavity, individually addressed, lattice-matched and strained-layer systems.

6263  Advanced Classical and Quantum Semiconductors (2) Prerequisite: ECE 6261 or both 5201 and 5202.
   A lecture/laboratory course focusing on advanced principles of operation, physical design considerations, and testing of advanced Si, SiGe, SiC, and III-V compound semiconductor devices. Ohmic and Schottky contact technologies will be discussed in detail. Advanced applications of MESFETs and JFETs will also be presented. The primary thrust of this course will be on HEMTs, HBTs, MBTs, graded junction/alloy transistors, resonant tunneling transistors and other quantum and superlattice devices. Trade-offs, theoretical considerations, modeling and simulation, testing, and the correlation between theory and experiment for various device parameters will be covered.

6264  Advanced Silicon Devices (3) Prerequisite: ECE 6261 or both 5201 and 5202.
   Current topics in silicon device physics. Review of MOS device theory, rules for scaling devices to submicron dimensions, theoretical limits to scaling. Short channel device models including two-dimensional numerical models. Hot carrier effects and other reliability issues. Yield statistics, lifetime prediction.

6265  Advanced Processing of Semiconductors (3) Prerequisite: ECE 6261 or both 5201 and 5202.
   Development of a thorough, working knowledge of the thermodynamic and kinetic aspects of epitaxy. This material is used to illustrate the advanced epitaxial techniques of organometallic vapor phase epitaxy, chemical beam epitaxy, and molecular beam epitaxy.

6266  Advanced Semiconductor Device Characterization (2) Prerequisite: ECE 6261 or both 5201 and 5202.
   A lecture/laboratory course focusing on advanced characterization, measurement, and testing of semiconductor devices. Topics include: MIS/MOS interface and bulk trap measurement and analysis using HF/Ideal, LF/HF, LF/Ideal, multifrequency conductance, capacitance versus voltage (C-V) curves, BTS and TVS testing of oxides, Fowler Nordheim and Poole Frenkel currents in oxides and insulators, charge pumping, two-, three-, and four-terminal MOS current vs. voltage (I-V) measurements, measuring hot electron/short channel effects, C-t/Zerbst plots, silicide technology, electronmigration effects, DLTS, I-V versus temperature of MOS and BJTs.

6310  Advanced Electromagnetic Fields (3) Prerequisite: ECE 3300.
   Review of Maxwell's macroscopic equations in integral and differential forms including boundary conditions, power and energy computations, and time-harmonic formulations. Macroscopic-electrical properties of matter. Oblique incidence planewave propagation and polarization in multi-layered media. Separation of variable solutions of the wave equation in rectangular, cylindrical and spherical coordinates. Vector potential theory and the construction of solutions using Green's theorem. Electromagnetic theorems of duality, uniqueness, reciprocity, reaction, and source equivalence. Waveguide, cavity, antenna, and scattering applications in rectangular, cylindrical, and spherical geometries.

6320  Advanced Microwave Integrated Circuits (3) Prerequisite: ECE 5321.
   Design and technology of microwave integrated circuits (MICs) and monolithic microwave integrated circuits (MMICs). Microwave integrated circuits such as small-signal amplifiers, power amplifiers, and oscillators. Nonlinear circuits such as frequency multipliers and mixers. Active devices for microwave circuit and system applications. Transistors, both bipolars and FETs, and various two-terminal devices. Fabrication techniques and measurements related to MICs. Testing, packaging and reliability issues. MMIC techniques. Extensive computer-aided design, circuit layout and fabrication, and circuit characterization and testing of MICs and MMICs.

6322  Microwave Engineering I (4) Prerequisite: ECE 3300.
   Meets with ECE 5320.

6323  Microwave Engineering II (3) Prerequisite: ECE 6322.
   Meets with ECE 5321.

6324  Antenna Theory and Design (3) Prerequisite: ECE 3300.
   Meets with ECE 5324.

6325  Wireless Communication Systems (3) Prerequisite: ECE 3300 and 3500 or equivalent.
   Meets with ECE 5325.

6330  Microwave Devices and Physical Electronics (3) Prerequisite: ECE 5321.
   State-of-the-art course in microwave thermionic devices; formation and control of electron beams. Llewellyn Peterson equations, space-charge waves, klystrons, traveling-wave tubes.

6331  Microwave Devices and Physical Electronics (3) Prerequisite: ECE 6330.
   State-of-the-art course in microwave thermionic devices: Continuation of traveling-wave tubes, backward-wave oscillators, crossed-field devices, parametric amplifiers, gyrotron devices, and free-electron lasers.

6340  Numerical Techniques in Electromagnetics (3) Prerequisite: ECE 3300 and MATH 2210 and 2250.
   Meets with ECE 5340. Review of basic numerical techniques including matrix methods and numerical methods for error minimization and convergence. Comparison of differential and integral formulations including finite difference, finite element, and moment methods. Emphasis on frequency domain method of moments and time domain finite difference (FDTD). Computer exercises require Fortran, C, or equivalent programming and computerized data display techniques. Graduate students only. Extra work required.

6420  Fourier Optics and Holography (3) Prerequisite: ECE 3300 and 5410.
   Analysis of optical systems by use of spatial Fourier transforms. A systems approach to optics using spatial frequencies and transfer functions to analyze diffraction, filtering, and imaging. Holography and holographic optical elements used in optical signal processing techniques. Includes two laboratory experiences.

6430  Statistical Optics, Interferometry, and Detection (3) Prerequisite: ECE 5410, 6420 and 5510.
   Coherence properties of light, including partial temporal and spatial coherence, as measured by statistical functions. Review of basic statistical concepts. Intensity fluctuations of thermal and laser light. Michelson interferometry, Wiener-Khinchin theorem, Young's experiment and the Van Cittert-Zernike theorem. Origins and statistics of optical noise. Comparison of various detection techniques. Includes two laboratory experiences.

6440  Integrated Optics and Optical Sensors (3) Prerequisite: ECE 5410 and 5411.
   Planar and rectangular waveguides and their mode properties. Fabrication techniques, input and output couplers, and coupling between guides. Integrated optic modulators. Applications of integrated optical devices. Optical sensors for biomedical and environmental monitoring. Includes two laboratory experiences.

6450  Quantum Electronics (3) Prerequisite: ECE 3200, 3300, and 5410. Recommended Prerequisite: Quantum Mechanics course.
   Advanced quantum mechanical analysis of the interaction of light with matter, including quantization of lattice vibrations and the electromagnetic field. Analysis of laser principles based on quantum mechanical principles.

6451  Nonlinear Optics and Spectroscopy (3) Prerequisite: ECE 6450.
   Theoretical development and applications of nonlinear optical processes including harmonic generation, sum and difference frequency generation, parametric oscillation. Nonlinear refractive indices and multiphoton absorption.

6510  Statistical Communication Theory (3) Prerequisite: ECE 5510 and 5520.
   Efficient modulation; the capacity theorem; Shannon bound; signal constellations, lattices; maximum-likelihood sequence detection; maximum-aposteriori symbol detection; communication channels; statistical description of channels; multipath fading channels; optimal detection; diversity detection; spread-spectrum communications; spreading sequences; Gold codes; multiple-access communications; code-division multiple access (CDMA); Aloha- and random-access communications.

6521  Error Control Coding (3) Prerequisite: ECE 5510 and 5520.
   Fundamental concepts of error-correcting codes, linear codes, Hamming codes, finite fields, Galois fields, BCH codes, Reed-Solomon codes, cyclic codes, convolutional codes, decoding of convolutional codes, the Viterbi algorithm, bounds on code parameters.

6530  Digital Signal Processing (3) Prerequisite: ECE 3510.
   Meets with ECE 5530. Discrete-time signals and systems; the z-transform. Input-output relationships; discrete-time networks. The discrete-time Fourier transform and sampling; practical sampling issues; signal quantization. The discrete Fourier transform, the fast Fourier transform, and high-speed convolution. Filter design from analog models; impulse-invariant, bilinear and spectral transformations. FIR filter design, windowing, and frequency-sampling methods. Equiripple filter design. Coefficient quantization. Examples of DSP applications and implementations. Graduate students only. Extra work required.

6540  Estimation Theory (3) Prerequisite: ECE 5510 and 5530.
   Bayesian parameter estimation; unbiased estimators; minimum variance estimators. Sufficient statistics; maximum-likelihood estimation; the Cramer-Rao bound. Linear estimation; minimum-mean-square-error estimation and its geometrical interpretation. Wiener filtering; spectral factorization. Kalman filtering and state-space estimation. Applications of estimation to practical problems including system identification and spectrum estimation.

6550  Adaptive Filters (3) Prerequisite: ECE 5510 and 5530.
   Basics of minimum mean-square and least-squares estimation. Lattice orthogonalization. Stochastic gradient adaptive filters: derivations, performance analyses and variations. Recursive least-squares adaptive filters: fast algorithms, least-squares lattice filters, numerical issues, and performance comparisons with stochastic gradient adaptive filters. Adaptive IIR filters. Fundamentals of adaptive nonlinear filtering. Selected applications.

6551  Survey of Optimization Techniques (3) Prerequisite: MATH 2210, 2250 and 3150.
   Neural networks, gradient and Hessian descent, conjugate gradient, random search, simulated annealing, prejudicial search, least-squares, regression, downhill simplex, genetic algorithms, linear programming, simplex algorithm, Karmarkar algorithm, quadratic and dynamic programming, Riccati equation, Beard-Galerkin optimal control.

6552  Survey of Function Approximation Methods (3) Prerequisite: MATH 2210, 2250 and 3150.
   Meets with ECE 5550. Industrial problems requiring function approximations, Fourier series, universal series approximations, fuzzy logic, radial basis functions, neural networks, linear interpolation, triangulation, window reticulation, response surfaces, polynomials, cubic splines, sinc functions, Bezier curves. Graduate students only. Extra work required.

6560  Multivariable Systems (3) Prerequisite: ECE 3510. Recommended Prerequisite: ME EN 5210.
   State-space models, controllability, observability, model reduction, and stability. Matrix fraction descriptions, coprimeness, properness, state-space realizations, multivariable poles and zeros, and canonical forms. Linear quadratic control, pole placement, and model reference control. Frequency-domain analysis and optimization.

6561  Robust Multivariable Control (3) Cross listed as CH EN 7203. Prerequisite: CH EN 5203/6203 or ME EN 5210 or equivalent.
   Analysis and control of uncertain systems. Representation of uncertain systems and their performance requirements using linear fractional transformation (generalized plant framework). Design of robust controllers, including frequency-weighted linear quadratic regulators, minimax, H-infinity and H-2 synthesis methods.

6570  Adaptive Control (3) Cross listed as CH EN 6205. Prerequisite: ECE 3510 or CH EN 4203 or equivalent. Recommended prerequisites: CH EN 5203/6203 or ME EN 5210 or equivalent.
   Identification using gradient and least-squares algorithms. Indirect adaptive control: pole placement control, model reference control, predictive control, and problems with singularity regions. Direct adaptive control: strictly positive real transfer functions, Kalman-Yacubovitch-Popov lemma, passivity theory, and stability of pseudo-gradient adaptive algorithms. Persistency of excitation and sufficient richness conditions for parameter convergence. Averaging methods and robustness issues. Disturbance rejection.

6580  Implementations of Digital Signal Processing Systems (3) Prerequisite: ECE 5530 and 5710.
   Meets with ECE 5580. Review of common DSP systems and functional elements; number representations. Implementation of bit-parallel, bit-serial, and digit-serial multiplier and adder structures; carry-save arithmetic; register minimization. Architectural transformation techniques: folding and unfolding, pipelining, and retiming of computations. Performance and hardware tradeoffs in VLSI DSP system design. Pipelined and parallel direct-form FIR and IIR filter structures. Pipelined adaptive filter structures. Architectures for the fast Fourier transform. Graduate students only. Extra work required.

6590  Software Radio (3) Prerequisite: ECE 5510 and 5530/6530.
   This course presents various signal processing techniques for implementation of digital communication systems. The topics covered include: (i) digital filter designs and implementation; (ii) multirate signal processing techniques; (iii) efficient implementation of modulators/demodulators; (iv) phase-locked loop (PLL); (v) carrier and timing recovery techniques; (vi) channel equalization methods.

6640  Advanced Digital Signal Processing I (3) Prerequisite: ECE 5510 and 5530.
   Meets with ECE 7640. Project-oriented class on advanced topics of current interest in signal processing. Examples of topics include image compression, nonlinear signal processing, active noise control, blind deconvolution, and equalization.

6641  Advanced Digital Signal Processing II (3) Prerequisite: ECE 5510, 5530 and 6640.
   Meets with ECE 7641. Project-oriented class on advanced topics of current interest in signal processing. Examples of topics include image compression, nonlinear signal processing, active noise control, blind deconvolution, and equalization.

6710  Digital VLSI Design (4) Cross listed as CS 6710. Prerequisite: ECE/CS 3700.
   Basic concepts of the design of digital CMOS integrated circuits. Course topics include static and dynamic properties of MOS circuits, composite layout of CMOS circuits, modeling of transistors for simulation, and commonly encountered CMOS circuit structures. Students complete design, composite layout, and simulation of a simple integrated circuit using computer-aided design tools.

6712  Digital IC Projects Testing (1) Cross listed as CS 6712. Prerequisite: CS/ECE 6710 or 6770.
   This course is for students who have designed and fabricated a digital integrated circuit in ECE/CS 5710, 6710, or 6770. Students will learn to use the chip testing equipment. They will test their chips for functionality, performance, and power and report on their results.

6720  Analog Integrated Circuit Design (3) Cross listed as CS 6720. Prerequisite: ECE 3110.
   Meets with ECE/CS 5720. Graduate students only. Extra work required.

6721  Analog Integrated Circuits Lab (1) Cross listed as CS 6721. Co-requisite: ECE/CS 6720.
   Optional lab that accompanies ECE/CS 5720/6720. Students will test and characterize transistors, circuits, and systems on modern CMOS chips.

6722  Analog IC Projects Testing (1) Cross listed as CS 6722. Co-requisite: ECE/CS 6720.
   This course is designed for students who fabricated an integrated circuit in ECE/CS 5720/6720. Students will test their chips independently and report on the experimental results.

6730  Radio Frequency Integrated Circuit Design (3) Prerequisite: ECE 5720.
   Covers the design and analysis of radio frequency integrated circuits. Fundamental concepts such as nonlinearity, modulation and upconversion are covered. Transceiver architectures are discussed, followed by a detailed examination of the constituent components such as LNAs, PAs, mixers oscillators, and frequency synthesizers.

6740  Computer-Aided Design of Digital Circuits (3) Cross listed as CS 6740. Prerequisite: ECE/CS 3700 and CS 4100.
   Meets with ECE/CS 5740. Graduate students only. Extra work required.

6745  Testing and Verification of Digital Circuits (3) Cross listed as CS 6745. Prerequisite: ECE/CS 3700.
   Study of failure and fault models in digital circuits, stuck-at-faults, transition faults, transistor faults, combinational/sequential circuit ATPG, FSM testing, design fault test, LFSR and BIST, equivalence checking, BDDs, BMDs, canonical representations of Boolean functions.

6750  Synthesis and Verification of Asynchronous VLSI Systems (3) Cross listed as CS 6750. Prerequisite: CP SC/ECE 3700 and CP SC 3510.
   Meets with ECE/CS 5750. Graduate students only. Extra work required.

6760  Modeling and Analysis of Biological Networks (3) Cross listed as BIOEN 6760, CS 6760. Prerequisite: Background in molecular or cell biology OR formal modeling.
   Introduction to methods for modeling and analyzing biological networks such as genetic regulatory networks, metabolic networks, and signal transduction networks. A particular emphasis will be given to methods inspired by models used by engineers for circuit analysis. Other topics include: stochastic analysis using Monte Carlo methods, differential equation models, Bayesian network models, flux balance analysis, learning methods, pathway databases, and synthesized gene circuits.

6770  Advanced Digital VLSI Systems Design (4) Cross listed as CS 6770. Prerequisite: ECE/CS 5710 or 6710.
   This course addresses advanced issues in VLSI design, covering the following topics: design methodologies and IP design, CMOS circuit scaling, advanced logic circuit styles, noise sources and signal integrity in digital design, design techniques for dynamic and static power reduction, power supply issues, interconnect analysis, clocking and synchronization, process variation, and performance verification. Students are expected to complete a substantial design project as part of the course, which involves extensive use of CAD tools.

6780  Embedded System Design (4) Cross listed as CS 6780. Prerequisite: ECE/CS 3810 and either CS 2000 or 4400.
   Meets with ECE/CS 5780. Introduction to issues in embedded system design using microcontrollers. Topics include: microcontroller architecture, memory interfacing, serial and parallel I/O interfacing, analog interfacing, interrupt synchronization, and embedded software. Graduate students only. Extra work required.

6785  Advanced Embedded Systems (3) Cross listed as CS 6785. Prerequisite: CS/ECE 5780 or 6780.
   Meets with CS 5785. This class is about building reliable and efficient embedded systems, with a bias toward software issues and a bias toward whole-system issues. Students complete several projects in C running on ARM-based embedded development boards. The course covers a number of special topics, such as embedded software architectures, digital signal processing, feedback control, real-time scheduling, verification and validation, wired and wireless embedded networks, and safety-critical embedded system.

6810  Computer Architecture (3) Cross listed as CS 6810. Prerequisite: CS/ECE 3810.
   Principles of modern high-performance computer and micro architecture; static vs. dynamic issues, pipelining, control and data hazards, branch prediction and correlation, cache structure and policies, cost performance and physical complexity analyses.

6830  VLSI Architecture (3) Cross listed as CS 6830. Prerequisite: ECE 3710 and 3810.
   Meets with ECE/CS 5830. Graduate students only. Extra work required.

6900  Graduate Seminar (1) Prerequisite: Departmental approval and Electrical Engineering Graduate Student.
   Meets with ECE 7900. Required of all masters graduate students.

6910  Graduate Seminar (1) Prerequisite: ECE 6900 and Electrical Engineering Graduate Student.
   Meets with ECE 7910. Required of all masters graduate students.

6950  Special Study: M.S. (1 to 6) Prerequisite: Departmental approval and Electrical Engineering Graduate Student.

6960  Special Topics (0.5 to 6)
   Graduate 6000-level special topics.

6961  Special Topics (3)
   Graduate 6000-level special topics.

6962  Special Topics (1 to 5)
   Graduate 6000-level special topics.

6970  Thesis Research: Master's (1 to 12) Prerequisite: Departmental approval and Electrical Engineering Graduate Student.

6980  Faculty Consultation (1 to 3) Prerequisite: Departmental approval and Electrical Engineering Graduate Student.

6981  Faculty Consultation-CPT (1) Prerequisite: Departmental and Career Services approval.
   International ECE graduate students must register for ECE 6981 for the semester in which they participate in a cooperative work experience for curricular practical training

7231  Microsensors and Actuators (3) Cross listed as ECE 6231. Prerequisite: ECE 5221/ 6221 or equivalent.
   The course builds on ECE 5221/6221, Fundamentals of Micromachining. Topics include definitions, categorization and application fields of microsensors and actuators, an introduction to solid state physics, piezoresistive sensors, semiconductor-based temperature sensors, magnetoresistive sensors, thermoelectric sensors, photoelectric sensors, micro gas and fluid concentration sensors, molecular diagnostics arrays, and various actuators (relays, micromotors, inkjet printheads, micropumps), sensor packaging and assembly. Registration for a weekly lab (1) is required. Extra work required of graduate students.

7310  Advanced Topics in Magnetic Resonance Imaging (3) Cross listed as BIOEN 7310, RDLGY 7310. Prerequisite: Electrical or Computer Engineering Major and instructor's consent.
   In-depth study of physics and mathematics of MR imaging and MR spectroscopy as they relate to the imaging of biologic systems: NMR physics, Block's equations, pulse sequences, flow and diffusion phenomena, spectroscopy principles, methodology. Laboratory.

7320  3-D Reconstruction Techniques in Medical Imaging (3) Cross listed as BIOEN 7320, RDLGY 7320. Prerequisite: Electrical or Computer Engineering Major and instructor's consent.
   The course focuses on the problem of three-dimensional (3D) image reconstruction from line integrals, which constitute a mathematical model of measurements in computed tomography (CT), and particularly x-ray computed tomography. Analytical and iterative reconstruction methods are investigated for various geometries of data acquisition. A critical goal is to provide the student with the essential tools required to understand papers on tomographic image reconstruction, from x-ray CT to emission CT, and also with a clear understanding of how efficient and accurate reconstruction algorithms are designed, using the Fourier slice theorem and backprojection techniques. MATLAB laboratories and a computer project are given in support of the theory.

7520  Information Theory (3) Prerequisite: ECE 5510 and 5520.
   Concept of information and uncertainty; source and channel models; entropy and its properties; relative entropy; mutual information; Shannon's source coding theorem; the Asymptotic Equipartitioning Property (AEP); concepts of source codes; Huffman code; arithmetic coding; variable to fixed source codes; typical sequences; rate distortion theory; channel coding; Shannon's channel coding theorem.

7531  Advanced Digital Signal Processing II (3) Prerequisite: ECE 5510 and 5530/6530.
   Project-oriented class on advanced topics of current interest in signal processing. Examples of topics include image compression, nonlinear signal processing, active noise control, blind deconvolution, and equalization.

7640  Advanced Digital Signal Processing I (3) Prerequisite: ECE 5510 and 5530/6530.
   Project-oriented class on advanced topics of current interest in signal processing. Examples of topics include image compression, nonlinear signal processing, active noise control, blind deconvolution, and equalization.

7810  Advanced Computer Architecture (3) Cross listed as CS 7810. Prerequisite: CS/ECE 6810.
   Investigation of issues in the design of modern microprocessors, with an in-depth treatment of current research topics in the field. The course is driven by the discussion of seminal papers in the fields.

7820  Parallel Computer Architecture (3) Cross listed as CS 7820. Prerequisite: CS/ECE 6810.
   Architecture, design, and analysis of parallel computer systems: vector processing, data vs. control concurrency, shared memory, message passing, communication fabrics, case studies of current high-performance parallel systems.

7900  Graduate Seminar III (1) Prerequisite: Ph.D student in the ECE Department.
   Because of the rapidly advancing technology, graduate students continuing for their Ph.D. studies are required to take two additional semesters of Graduate Seminar, i.e., ECE 7900 and ECE 7910.

7910  Graduate Seminar IV (1) Prerequisite: Ph.D student in the ECE Department.
   Because of the rapidly advancing technology, graduate students continuing for their Ph.D. studies are required to take two additional semesters of Graduate Seminar, i.e., ECE 7900 and ECE 7910.

7950  Special Studies: Ph.D. (1 to 6) Prerequisite: Departmental approval and Electrical Engineering Ph.D. Student.

7960  Special Topics (0.5 to 6)
   Graduate 7000-level special topics.

7970  Thesis Research: Ph.D. (1 to 12) Prerequisite: Departmental approval and Electrical Engineering Ph.D. Student.

7980  Faculty Consultation (1 to 3) Prerequisite: Departmental approval and Electrical Engineering Ph.D. Student.

7990  Continuing Registration: Ph.D. (0) Prerequisite: Departmental approval and Electrical Engineering Ph.D. Student.