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1020  Electrical Engineering Problem Solving with Matlab (1) Prerequisite: MATH 1050 and 1060.
   Introduction to the field of Electrical Engineering through programming in the Matlab language. Students design various components of a prototype communication system while learning about the following aspects of Matlab: script and function files, math functions, commands for array construction and manipulation, string expressions, logical operators, control flow, and graphics. No prior knowledge of Electrical Engineering is assumed.

1050  Electrical and Computer Engineering for Nonmajors (3) Prerequisite: MATH 2250 and PHYCS 2220.
   Fundamentals of electrical and computer engineering topics for non-electrical and computer engineers. Covers fundamentals of dc and ac circuit theory, active semiconductor devices (diodes, transistors, amplifiers), 60 Hz-power circuits and equipment (2 and 3 phase circuits, transformers, motors), transducers and actuators, safety considerations.

1060  Electrical and Computer Engineering for Civil Engineers (1.5) Prerequisite: MATH 2250 and PHYCS 2220.
   Fundamentals of electrical and computer engineering topics relevant to the practice of civil engineering.

2000  Fundamentals of Electric Circuits (4) Pre-requisites: ECE 1000, 1020, MATH 1210, PHYCS 2210. Co-requisites: MATH 1220, PHYCS 2220.
   Fundamental electric-circuit techniques, including Kirchhoff's laws, impedance, superposition, phasor transforms, RLC solutions in the time domain, sinusoidal steady-state systems, frequency response, filters, Fourier-series methods, Laplace-transform techniques, transformers.

2100  Fundamentals of Engineering Electronics (4) Prerequisite: ECE 2000 and PHYCS 2220 and MATH 2250.
   Fundamentals of electronic circuits and components, network models of amplifiers, basic semiconductor device physics, diodes, bipolar and MOS transistors, basic analog and digital circuit elements, frequency response, feedback and stability. Introduction to computer circuit simulation.

3110  Engineering Electronics II (4) Prerequisite: ECE 2100.
   Analog- and digital-integrated circuit techniques, filters and tuned amplifiers, signal generator, waveform shaping circuits, power amplifier and power semiconductor devices, computer models and computer simulations of complex devices and circuits.

3300  Fundamentals of Electromagnetics and Transmission Lines (4) Prerequisite: PHYCS 2220 and MATH 2250. Fulfills Quantitative Intensive BS.
   Brief introduction to vector calculus, definition of electric and magnetic fields. Maxwells equations in integral and differential forms, electromagnetic-wave propagation in free space and in material regions, Poynting theorem, and electromagnetic power. Transmission lines (transient and steady-state analysis), Smith chart, and impedance matching techniques. Basic principles of radiation and propagation in waveguides.

3500  Fundamentals of Signals and Systems (4) Prerequisite: ECE 2100 and MATH 2210 and 2250. Fulfills Quantitative Intensive BS.
   Transform domain analysis of passive circuits. Linear and time invariant systems in continuous-time and discrete-time domains. System representations using impulse-response functions, frequency responses and transfer functions. Realizations of linear time-invariant systems. Fourier analysis of continuous and discrete-time signals. Sampling theorem. Filter design from specifications.

3510  Introduction to Feedback Systems (4) Prerequisite: ECE 3500.
   Laplace transforms, boundedness and convergence of signals. Transfer functions, stability, steady-state and transient responses, effect of initial conditions, state-space representations. Feedforward and feedback control, steady-state error and integral control, Routh-Hurwitz criterion, root-locus method, application to phase-locked loops. Bode plots, Nyquist criterion, gain and phase margins. The z-transform and the analysis of discreat-time signals and systems. Sampled-date systems, conversions between continuous-time and discrete-time systems.

3530 Engineering Probability and Statistics (3) Prerequisite: MATH 1220. 
   An introduction to probability theory and statistics, with an emphasis on solving problems in electrical and computer engineering. Topics in probability include discrete and continuous random variables, probability distributions, sums and functions of random variables, the law of large numbers, and the central limit theorem.. Topics in statistics include sample mean and variance, estimating distributions, correlation, regression, and hypothesis testing. Engineering applications include failure analysis, process control, communication systems, and speech recognition.

3700  Fundamentals of Digital System Design (4) Cross listed as CP SC 3700. Fulfills Quantitative Intensive BS.
   Techniques for minimizing logic functions and designing common combinational circuits such as decoders, selectors, and adders. Synchronous and asynchronous sequential circuits, state diagrams, Mealy and Moore circuits, state minimization and assignment. Use of softward tools for design, minimization, simulation, schematic capture. Implementation with MSI, LSI, and field programmable gate arrays. Laboratory included.

3710  Computer Design Laboratory (3) Cross listed as CP SC 3710.
   Student groups design, build, and test a programmable device such as a computer or calculator.

3720  Analog and Digital Interfacing with Microprocessors and Microcontrollers (4) Cross listed as CP SC 3720.
   Fundamentals of digital-to-analog (D-to-A) and analog-to-digital (A-to-D) circuits, relays, stepper motors, and digital switches. Interfacing digital and analog circuits to computers and micro-controllers. Laboratory included.

3810  Computer Architecture (4) Cross listed as CP SC 3810. Prerequisite: CP SC 2020. Fulfills Quantitative Intensive BS.
   An in-depth study of computer architecture and design, from digital logic to operating systems, including topics such as pipelining, memory systems, parallel and serial communication, and interrupts. Performance measures and compilation issues. Computer architectures including RISC, CISC, stack, and parallel.

3900  Junior Seminar (0.5) Prerequisite: Electrical Engineering Major who will take ECE 3910 the following Spring semester.
   Talks from industry representatives, information about Engineering Clinic projects, professionalism.

3910  Prethesis (0.5) Prerequisite: ECE 3900 and WRTG 3400.
   Only for students with major status and advanced juniors who will take ECE 4900 the following fall semester. Students do necessary library research, develop writing skills, discuss issues of professionalism, prepare and submit a senior-thesis proposal, and receive approval from faculty.

3960 Undergraduate Special Topics (1 to 6)
   Undergraduate 3000-level special topics.

3961 Undergraduate Special Topics (1 to 6)
   Undergraduate 3000-level special topics.

3962 Undergraduate Special Topics (1 to 6)
   Undergraduate 3000-level special topics.

3991  CE Junior Seminar (0.5) Cross listed as CP SC 3991. Prerequisite: CE major.
   Presentations from faculty and industry representatives to discuss trends in computer engineering, professionalism, ethics, the impact of engineering in global and societal context, lifelong learning, and contemporary issues.

3992  CE Prethesis (0.5) Cross listed as CP SC 3992. Prerequisite: ECE 3991 and CE major.
   Students do necessary library research, develop writing and speaking skills, and prepare and present a senior thesis proposal.

4710  Computer Engineering Senior Project (3) Cross listed as CP SC 4710.
   Students design microcomputer system that includes RAM, EPROM, and I/O devices. Capstone project for computer engineering majors. Formal written reports, one or more oral presentations.

4900  Senior Thesis I (2) Prerequisite: ECE 3910 and Electrical Engineering major and Senior in final year of program.
   Only for students with major status and seniors within one year of graduation. May not be taken by pre-electrical-and-computer-engineering and, non-electrical-and-computer-engineering, or probationary students. Laboratory included. Original engineering project, selected with approval of instructor; regular oral and written progress reports.

4910  Senior Thesis II (3) Prerequisite: ECE 4900.
   Taught as writing emphasis. Students write reports describing work done on ECE 4900 project and make oral presentations at annual student technical conference.

4950  Continuation of Senior Thesis (1 to 2) Prerequisite: ECE 4910 and instructor's consent.
   The professor may determine that it is appropriate for students in Senior Thesis sections (usually Clinic sections) to continue work on their project during summer or the next fall semester, if the project proves to be too complicated to complete by the end of Spring semester, or if an additional task is specified. In this case the professor may permit the students to register for an appropriate number of credit hours in ECE 4950. The credit must represent additional significant work beyond the five-credit hours normally earned for Senior Thesis.

4960 Undergraduate Special Topics (1 to 6)
   Undergraduate 4000-level special topics.

4961 Undergraduate Special Topics (1 to 6)
   Undergraduate 4000-level special topics. 

4962 Undergraduate Special Topics (1 to 6)
  Undergraduate 4000-level special topics. 

4990  Cooperative Education Work Period (1) Prerequisite: Consent of cooperative education coordinator and faculty adviser.
   Students must register for ECE 4990 each semester they officially participate in a full-time cooperative work experience.

4991  CE Senior Thesis (2) Cross listed as CP SC 4991. Prerequisite: ECE 3992 and approved senior thesis proposal.
   Students work on original senior thesis project.

4992  CE Senior Thesis II (2) Cross listed as CP SC 4992. Prerequisite: ECE 4991.
   Students work on original senior thesis project, make an oral presentation at the annual student technical conference, and prepare and submit their senior thesis for approval.

4998  Senior Honors Thesis I (2) Prerequisite: ECE 3910 and Senior status and Honors degree candidate.
   Restricted to students in the Honors Program working on their Honors degree.

4999  Senior Honors Thesis II (3) Prerequisite: ECE 4998.
   Restricted to students in the Honors Program working on their Honors degree.

5201  Semiconductor Device Physics I (3) Prerequisite: PHYCS 3740 or MSE 3210.
   Physical principles that underlie operation of semiconductor electronic devices with emphasis on silicon integrated circuits. Physics of semiconductor materials, equilibrium in electronic systems, metal semiconductor contacts, p-n junction theory, junction field effect transistors, introduction to operation of bipolar transistors.

5202  Semiconductor Device Physics II (3) Prerequisite: ECE 5201.
   Continuation of ECE 5201. Bipolar transistors, silicon-silicon dioxide system, insulated gate field effect transistors (IGFETs). Mathematical models for computer simulation of bipolar and MOS devices. Second order effects associated with very small geometry devices, and other devices of current interest.

5211  Semiconductor Device Physics Laboratory I (1) Co-requisite: ECE 5201.
   Hands-on experience in the fabrication of silicon devices. Use of oxidation, donor and acceptor diffusion, and high resolution photolithography in a clean room facility. Characterization of silicon, measurement of basic parameters, oxide thickness, dopant diffusion. Introduction to metallization and contacts.

5212  Semiconductor Device Physics Laboratory II (1) Prerequisite: ECE 5201 and 5211. Co-requisite: ECE 5202.
   Integrated knowledge of individual processing steps with more complex processing equipment. Fabricate and characterize simple transistors and integrated circuits.

5221  Fundamentals of Micromachining Processes (2) Cross listed as  ME EN 5050. Prerequisite: Instructor's consent.
   Meets with ECE 6221, BIOEN 6421, ME EN 6050, MSE 6421.. Introduction to the principles of micromachining technologies. Topics include photolithography, silicon etching, thin film deposition and etching, electroplating, polymer micromachining, and bonding techniques. A weekly lab and a review of micromachining applications is included.

5222  Biomedical Applications of Micromachining (2) Cross listed as BIOEN 6422, MSE 5222. Prerequisite: BIOEN 6421 or ECE 5221 or ECE 6221 or MSE 5221.
   Meets with ECE 6222. Use of the technologies from the first course in the series (ECE/BIOEN 5221) to investigate biomedical applications of micromachining. Course focuses on the design and development of microsensor/actuator systems; laboratory focus is on the fabrication and testing of microscale sensor/actuator systems. Laboratory included. Undergraduate students only.

5320  Microwave Engineering I (4) Pre-requisite: ECE 3300.
   Brief review of transmission line theory and Smith Chart, general theory of waveguides, TE, TM, TEM modes, some commonly used waveguides and transmission lines including microstripline and its variations for microwave integrated circuits, matching techniques including conjugate matching, passive components, scattering matrices and signal-flow graphs, ABCD parameters, directional coouplers and hybrids, power dividers and combiners, signal-flow graphs for microwave amplifiers, microwave resonators and filters including design considerations, filter design by image parameter method, constant-k and m-derived filters, maximally flat and equal-ripple filters, coupled-line filters, ferrite components. Biweekly laboratory assignments to design, fabricate, and test microstrip circuits: e.g., low and band-pass filters, coupled-line filters, directional couplers, etc., using professional-level computer sofware and network analyzers.

5321  Microwave Engineering II (3) Prerequisite: ECE 5320.
   Nonlinear and active microwave devices including diodes, mixers, transistors, and negative resistance devices; compressed Smith Chart; balanced and double-balanced mixer design; transistor amplifier theory and design for best gain, stability, and noise performance. Oscillator theory and design using transistors, tunnel diodes, IMPATTs, and Gunn diodes. PIN diode switching circuits and phase shifters. Survey of design and performance of microwave systems and auxiliary components; antennas, signal modulation and multiplexing, transceiver and radar systems, signal-to-noise ratios, atmospheric effects, microwave heating, biological effects and safety. Course includes biweekly laboratory assignments using microstrip-integrated circuits with professional level design and test equipment. Demonstrations of other active components such as traveling wave tubes, klystrons, and backward oscillators are also provided.

5324  Antenna Theory and Design (3) Prerequisite: ECE 3300.
   General theory of conduction current antennas; linear antennas including dipoles and monopoles; antenna equivalent impedance; design of AM, FM, TV and shortwave broadcast antennas of one or more elements including ground and mutual impedance effects; matching techniques including lumped, shunt, and series elements, transmission lines and conjugate matching; receiving antennas; antennas used for mobile communication systems and their radiation characteristics; antenna arrays and their design; wave propagation including propagation via ionosphere or troposphere; loop antennas and Yagi-Uda arrays; antenna synthesis for specified radiation patterns. UHF and microwave antennas including corner reflector antennas, helical antennas, theory of aperture antennas including rectangular and circular apertures; broadband log-periodic antennas; microstrip antennas and phased arrays including applications for wireless communication systems; slot antennas, turnstile, horn and parabolic radiators; considerations for radar antennas and communication links. Antenna ranges and measurement techniques. Laboratory demonstrations of radiation patterns of portable wireless antennas with and without the model of the head. Visits to various antenna installations in the Salt Lake valley by groups of three students.

5330  Introduction to Microwave Tubes and Electron Devices (3) Pre-requisite: ECE 3300 and MATH 3150.
   Introduction to design, operation, and application of microwave and millimeter-wave vacuum tubes; klystrons, traveling-wave tubes, backward-wave oscillators, magnetrons, gyrotrons, free-electron lasers.

5410  Lasers and Their Applications (3) Prerequisite: ECE 3300.
   Physics and applications of lasers. All major laser types are studied, including semiconductor, gas, dye, and solid-state lasers. Emphasis is placed on the properties of laser light and how they are used in a myriad of applications. Hands-on laboratory experience is included.

5411  Fiberoptic Systems (3) Prerequisite: ECE 5410.
   Systematic study of modern optical-fiber communication systems; Loss-limited systems vs. dispersion-limited systems; Point-to-point links, broadcast and distribution systems, and optical networks; Wavelength-division multiplexing (WDM); and sub-carrier multiplexing (SCM); optical amplifiers and dispersion compensation; Emphasis is on system design. Includes hands-on laboratory experience.

5470  Ultrasound (2) Cross listed as BIOEN 6470. Prerequisite: PHYCS 2220.
   Acoustic-wave propagation in biological materials with examples of practical medical instrumentation resulting from ultrasound interactions with biological structures. Includes one lab experience.

5510  Random Processes (3) Prerequisite: ECE 3500 and MATH 5010.
   Review of probability theory; multivariate distributions; Gaussian distributions; weak and strong law of large numbers; random processes; stationarity and ergodicity; mean-value function; auto- and cross-correlation functions; power spectral densities; Wiener-Khinchine theorem; Karhunen-Loeve expansion; Gaussian random processes; random processes in linear filters; white Gaussian noise.

5520  Digital Communication Systems (3) Prerequisite: ECE 5510.
   Modern communications; probabilistic viewpoint; vector representation of signal; signal spaces; vector channels; additive white Gaussian noise; optimum receivers; maximum-likelihood detection; error probabilities; memoryless modulation methods: PAM, BPSK, M-PSK, FSK, QAM; message sequences; intersymbol interference (ISI); Nyquist signaling; complex baseband models; noncoherent detection.

5530  Digital Signal Processing (3) Prerequisite: ECE 3510.
   Meets with ECE 6530. Discrete-time signals and systems; the z-transform. Input-output relationships; discrete-time networks. The discrete-time Fourier transform and sampling; practical sampling issues; signal quantization. The discrete Fourier transform, the fast Fourier transform, and high-speed convolution. Filter design from analog models; impulse-invariant, bilinear, and spectral transformations. FIR filter design, windowing, and frequency-sampling methods. Equiripple filter design. Coefficient quantization. Examples of DSP applications and implementations. Undergraduate students only.

5550  Survey of Function Approximation Methods (3) Prerequisite: MATH 2210 and 2250 and 3150.
   Industrial problems requiring function approximations, Fourier series, universal series approximations, fuzzy logic, radial basis functions, neural networks, linear interpolation, triangulation, window reticulation, response surfaces, polynomials, cubic splines, sinc functions, Bezier curves. Undergraduate students only. Meets with ECE 6552.

5551  Survey of Optimization Techniques (3) Prerequisite: MATH 2210 and 2250 and 3150.
   Neural networks, gradient and Hessian descent, conjugate gradient, random search, simulated annealing, prejudicial search, least-squares, regression, downhill simplex, genetic algorithms, linear programming, simplex algorithm, Karmarkar algorithm, quadratic and dynamic programming, Riccati equation, Beard-Galerkin optimal control. Undergraduate students only. Meets with ECE 6551.

5570  Control of Electric Motors (3) Prerequisite: ECE 3510.
   Principles of operation, mathematical models, and control techniques for electric motors. Types of motors include brush DC motors, stepper motors, brushless DC motors, synchronous motors and induction motors. Topics covered: steady-state and dynamic characteristics, torque limits and field weakening operation, characteristics under voltage and current sources, open-loop and closed-loop control of position and velocity, and field-oriented operation for AC motors.

5580  Implementations of Digital Signal Processing Systems (3) Prerequisite: ECE 5540 and 5710.
   Meets with ECE 6580. Review of common DSP systems and functional elements; number representations. Implementation of bit-parallel, bit-serial, and digit-serial multiplier and adder structures; carry-save arithmetic; register minimization. Architectural transformation techniques: folding and unfolding, pipelining, and retiming of computations. Performance and hardware tradeoffs in VLSI DSP system design. Pipelined and parallel direct-form FIR and IIR filter structures. Pipelined adaptive filter structures. Architectures for the fast Fourier transform. Undergraduate students only.

5710  Digital VLSI Design (3) Cross listed as CP SC 5710. Prerequisite: CP SC 3700.
   Meets with ECE/CP SC 6710. Introduction to basic concepts of the design of CMOS integrated circuits for students with a wide range of backgrounds. Static and dynamic properties of MOS circuits, composite layout of CMOS circuits, and modeling of transistors for use in SPICE simulations. Commonly encountered CMOS circuits. Introduction to CMOS analog/digital circuits. Students complete design, composite layout, and digitization of a simple integrated circuit using computer-aided design tools. Undergraduate students only.

5720  Analog Integrated Circuit Design (3) Cross listed as CP SC 5720. Prerequisite: ECE 3110
   Meets with ECE/CP SC 6720. Design of analog and mixed-signal CMOS integrated circuits. Fundamental building blocks for analog circuits, including the basic principles of op amp, current mirror, and comparator design. The basics of sample-and-hold circuits. Students complete integrated circuit design, simulation, layout, and verification using computer-aided design tools. Undergraduate students only.

5740  Computer-Aided Design of Digital Circuits (3) Cross listed as CP SC 5740. Prerequisite: ECE 3700 and CP SC 3510
   Meets with ECE/CP SC 6740. Introduction to theory and algorithms used for computer-aided synthesis of digital integrated circuits. Topics include algorithms and representations for Boolean optimization, hardware modeling, combinational logic optimization, sequential logic optimization, and technology mapping. Undergraduate students only.

5750  Synthesis and Verification of Asynchronous VLSI Systems (3) Cross listed as CP SC 5750. Prerequisite: ECE 3700 and CP SC 3510
   Meets with ECE/CP SC 6750. Introduction to systematic methods for the design of asynchronous VLSI systems from high-level specifications to efficient, reliable circuit implantations. Topics include specification, protocols, graphical representations, synthesis, optimization using timing information, and verification. Undergraduate students only.

5810  Advanced Computer Architecture (3) Cross listed as CP SC 5810. Prerequisite: ECE 3700 and 3810.
   Meets with ECE/CP SC 6810. Principles of modern-high performance computer and micro architecture: static vs. dynamic issues, pipelining, control and data hazards, branch prediction and correlation, cache structure and policies, cost-performance and physical complexity analyses. Undergraduate students only.

5830  VLSI Architecture (3) Cross listed as CP SC 5830. Prerequisite: ECE 3710 and 3810.
   Meets with ECE/CP SC 6830. Project-based study of a variety of topics related to VLSI systems. Use of field-programmable gate arrays to design, implement, and test a VLSI project. Undergraduate students only.

5950  Undergraduate Special Study (1 to 6) Prerequisite: Instructor's consent.

5960  Special Topics (1 to 5)

5961  Special Topics (1 to 5)

6221  Fundamentals of Micromachining Processes (3) Cross listed as BIOEN 6421, ME EN 6050, MSE 6421.  Prerequisite: Instructor's consent.
   Meets with ECE 5221, ME EN 5050. Introduction to the principles of micromachining technologies. Topics include photolithography, silicon etching, thin film deposition and etching, electroplating, polymer micromachining, and bonding techniques. A weekly lab and a review of micromachining applications is included.

6222  Biomedical Applications of Micromachining (2) Prerequisite: ECE 6221.
   Meets with ECE 5222. Use of the technologies from the first course in the series (ECE 6221) to investigate biomedical applications of micromachining. Course focuses on the design and development of micro sensor/actuator systems; laboratory focus is on the fabrication of testing of microscale sensor/actuator systems. Laboratory included. Graduate students only. Extra work required.

6261  Physical Theory of Semiconductor Devices (3) Prerequisite: ECE 5202.
   Development of a thorough, working knowledge of the physics of semiconductor materials and devices, including quantum effects. Examination of advanced devices, including light emitting diodes, solar cells, detectors, and injection lasers.

6262  Advanced Optoelectronics (3) Prerequisite: ECE 5411
   Introduces the technology of ultrafast diode lasers from the basic physical principles through to the applications in communications and ultrafast optoelectronics and applications of semiconductor diode laser arrays. All of the major types of arrays will be discussed including coherent, incoherent, edge- and surface-emitting, horitzontal- and vertical-cavity, individually addressed, lattice-matched and strained-layer systems.

6263  Advanced Classical and Quantum Semiconductors (2) Prerequisite: ECE 6261 or both 5201 and 5202.
   A lecture/laboratory course focusing on advanced principles of operation, physical design considerations, and testing of advanced Si, SiGe, SiC, and III-V compound semiconductor devices. Ohmic and Schottky contact technologies will be discussed in detail. Advanced applications of MESFETs and JFETs will also be presented. The primary thrust of this course will be on HEMTs, HBTs, MBTs, graded junction/alloy transistors, resonant tunneling transistors and other quantum and superlattice devices. Trade-offs, theoretical considerations, modeling and simulation, testing, and the correlation between theory and experiment for various device parameters will be covered.

6264  Advanced Silicon Devices (3) Prerequisite: ECE 6261 or both 5201 and 5202.
   Current topics in silicon device physics. Review of MOS device theory, rules for scaling devices to submicron dimensions, theoretical limits to scaling. Short channel device models including two-dimensional numerical models. Hot carrier effects and other reliability issues. Yield statistics, lifetime prediction.

6265  Advanced Processing of Semiconductors (3) Prerequisite: ECE 6261 or both 5201 and 5202.
   Development of a thorough, working knowledge of the thermodynamic and kinetic aspects of epitaxy. This material is used to illustrate the advanced epitaxial techniques of organometallic vapor phase epitaxy, chemical beam epitaxy, and molecular beam epitaxy.

6266  Advanced Semiconductor Device Characterization (2) Prerequisite: ECE 6261 or both 5201 and 5202.
   A lecture/laboratory course focusing on advanced characterization, measurement, and testing of semiconductor devices. Topics include: MIS/MOS interface and bulk trap measurement and analysis using HF/Ideal, LF/HF, LF/Ideal,multifrequency conductance) capacitance versus voltage (C-V) curves, BTS and TVS testing of oxides, Fowler Nordheim and Poole Frenkel currents in oxides and insulators, charge pumping, two-, three-, and four-terminal MOS current vs. voltage (I-V) measurements, measuring hot electron/short channel effects, C-t/Zerbst plots, silicide technology,electronmigration effects, DLTS, I-V versus temperature of MOS and BJTs.

6310  Advanced Electromagnetic Fields (3) Prerequisite: ECE 3300.
   Review of Maxwell's macroscopic equations in integral and differential forms including boundary conditions, power and energy computations, and time-harmonic formulations. Macroscopic-electrical properties of matter. Oblique incidence planewave propagation and polarization in multi-layered media. Separation of variable solutions of the wave equation in rectangular, cylindrical and spherical coordinates. Vector potential theory and the construction of solutions using Green's theorem. Electromagnetic theorems of duality, uniqueness, reciprocity, reaction, and source equivalence. Waveguide, cavity, antenna, and scattering applications in rectangular, cylindrical, and spherical geometries.

6320  Advanced Microwave Integrated Circuits (3) Prerequisite: ECE 5321.
   Design and technology of microwave integrated circuits (MICs) and monolithic microwave integrated circuits (MMICs). Microwave-integrated circuits such as small-signal amplifiers, power amplifiers, and oscillators. Nonlinear circuits such as frequency multipliers and mixers. Active devices for microwave circuit and system applications. Transistors, both bipolars and FETs, and various two terminal devices.Fabrication techniques and measurements related to MICs. Testing, packaging and reliability issues. MMIC techniques. Extensive computer-aided design, circuit layout and fabrication, and circuit characterization and testing of MICs and MMICs.

6330  Microwave Devices and Physical Electronics (3) Prerequisite: ECE 5321.
   State-of-the-art course in microwave thermionic devices; formation and control of electron beams. Llewellyn Peterson equations, space-charge waves, klystrons, traveling-wave tubes.

6331  Microwave Devices and Physical Electronics (3) Prerequisite: ECE 6330.
   State-of-the-art course in microwave thermionic devices: Continuation of traveling-wave tubes, backward-wave oscillators, crossed-field devices, parametric amplifiers, gyrotron devices, and free-electron lasers.

6340  Numerical Techniques in Electromagnetics (3) Prerequisite: ECE 3300 and MATH 2210 and 2250
   Review of basic numerical techniques including matrix methods and numerical methods for error minimization and convergence. Comparison of differential and integral formulations including finite difference, finite element, and moment methods. Emphasis on frequency domain method of moments and time domain finite difference (FDTD). Computer exercises require FORTRAN, C, or equivalent programming and computerized data display techniques.

6420  Fourier Optics and Holography (3) Prerequisite: ECE 3300 and 5410.
   Analysis of optical systems by use of spatial Fourier transforms. A systems approach to optics using spatial frequencies and transfer functions to analyze diffraction, filtering, and imaging. Holography and holographic optical elements used in optical signal processing techniques. Includes two laboratory experiences.

6430  Statistical Optics, Interferometry, and Detection (3) Prerequisite: ECE 5410 and 6420 and 5510.
   Coherence properties of light, including partial temporal and spatial coherence, as measured by statistical functions. Review of basic statistical concepts. Intensity fluctuations of thermal and laser light. Michelson interferometry, Wiener-Khinchin theorem, Young's experiment and the Van Cittert-Zernike theorem. Origins and statistics of optical noise. Comparison of various detection techniques. Includes two laboratory experiences.

6440  Integrated Optics and Optical Sensors (3) Prerequisite: ECE 5410 and 5411.
   Planar and rectangular waveguides and their mode properties. Fabrication techniques, input and output couplers, and coupling between guides. Integrated optic modulators. Applications of integrated optical devices. Optical sensors for biomedical and environmental monitoring. Includes two laboratory experiences.

6450  Quantum Electronics (3) Prerequisite: ECE 3300 and 5410 and PHYCS 3740. Recommended Prerequisite: Quantum Mechanics course.
   Advanced quantum mechanical analysis of the interaction of light with matter, including quantization of lattice vibrations and the electromagnetic field. Analysis of laser principles based on quantum mechanical principles.

6451  Nonlinear Optics and Spectroscopy (3) Prerequisite: ECE 6450.
   Theoretical development and applications of nonlinear optical processes including harmonic generation, sum and difference frequency generation, parametric oscillation. Nonlinear refractive indices and multiphoton absorption.

6510  Statistical Communication Theory (3) Prerequisite: ECE 5510 and 5520.
   Efficient modulation; the capacity theorem; Shannon bound; signal constellations, lattices; maximum-likelihood sequence detection; maximum-aposteriori symbol detection; communication channels; statistical description of channels; multipath fading channels;optimal detection; diversity detection; spread-spectrum communications; spreading sequences; Gold codes; multiple-access communications; code-division multiple access (CDMA); Aloha- and random-access communications.

6520  Information Theory and Coding (3) Prerequisite: ECE 5510 and 5520.
   Concept of Information; uncertainty; entropy; source and channel models; source coding; Huffman codes; Shannon's source coding theorem; channel coding; Shannon's channel coding theorem; bandwidth and the Shannon bound; linear block codes; elements of Galois field theory; cyclic codes; encoding and decoding; classical block codes: BCH, Reed-Solomon (RS) codes; algebraic decoding, efficient decoding of BCH and RS codes.

6521  Error Control Coding (3) Prerequisite: ECE 5510 and 5520.
   Fundamental concepts of error-correcting codes, linear codes, Hamming codes, finite fields, Galois fields, BCH codes, Reed-Solomon codes, cyclic codes, convolutional codes, decoding of convolutional codes, the Viterbi algorithm, bounds on code parameters.

6530  Digital Signal Processing (3) Prerequisite: ECE 3510.
   Meets with ECE 5530. Discrete-time signals and systems; the z-transform. Input-output relationships; discrete-time networks. The discrete-time Fourier transform and sampling; practical sampling issues; signal quantization. The discrete Fourier transform, the fast Fourier transform, and high-speed convolution. Filter design from analog models; impulse-invariant, bilinear and spectral transformations. FIR filter design, windowing, and frequency-sampling methods. Equiripple filter design. Coefficient quantization. Examples of DSP applications and implementations. Graduate students only. Extra work required.

6540  Estimation Theory (3) Prerequisite: ECE 5510 and 5540.
   Bayesian parameter estimation; unbiased estimators; minimum variance estimators. Sufficient statistics; maximum-likelihood estimation; the Cramer-Rao bound. Linear estimation; minimum-mean-square-error estimation and its geometrical interpretation. Wiener filtering; spectral factorization. Kalman filtering and state-space estimation. Applications of estimation to practical problems including system identification and spectrum estimation.

6550  Adaptive Filters (3) Prerequisite: ECE 5510 and 5540.
   Basics of minimum mean-square and least-squares estimation. Lattice orthogonalization. Stochastic gradient adaptive filters: derivations, performance analyses and variations. Recursive least-squares adaptive filters: fast algorithms, least-squares lattice filters, numerical issues, and performance comparisons with stochastic gradient adaptive filters. Adaptive IIR filters. Fundamentals of adaptive nonlinear filtering. Selected applications.

6551  Survey of Optimization Techniques (3) Prerequisite: MATH 2210 and 2250 and 3150.
   Meets with ECE 5551. Neural networks, gradient and Hessian descent, conjugate gradient, random search, simulated annealing, prejudicial search, least-squares, regression, downhill simplex, genetic algorithms, linear programming, simplex algorithm, Karmarkar algorithm, quadratic and dynamic programming, Riccati equation, Beard-Galerkin optimal control. Graduate students only. Extra work required.

6552  Survey of Function Approximation Methods (3) Prerequisite: MATH 2210 and 2250 and 3150.
   Meets with ECE 5550. Industrial problems requiring function approximations, Fourier series, universal series approximations, fuzzy logic, radial basis functions, neural networks, linear interpolation, triangulation, window reticulation, response surfaces, polynomials, cubic splines, sinc functions, Bezier curves. Graduate students only. Extra work required.

6560  Multivariable Systems (3) Prerequisite: ECE 3510. Recommended Prerequisite: ME EN 5210
   State-space models, controllability, observability, model reduction, and stability. Matrix fraction descriptions, coprimeness, properness, state-space realizations, multivariable poles and zeros, and canonical forms. Linear quadratic control, pole placement, and model reference control. Frequency-domain analysis and optimization.

6561  Robust Multivariable Control (3) Cross listed as CHFEN 7203. Pre-requisite: CHFEN 5203/6203 or ME EN5210 or equivalent
   Analysis and control of uncertain systems. Representation of uncertain systems and their performance requirements using linear fractional transformation (generalized plant framework). Design of robust controllers, including frequency-weighted linear quadratic regulators, minimax, H-infinity and H-2 synthesis methods. Meets with CHFEN 7203

6570  Adaptive Control (3) Cross listed as CHFEN 6205. Pre-requisite: ECE 3510 or CHFEN 4203 or equivalent. Recommended prerequisites: CHFEN 5203/6203/ME EN5210 or equivalent.
   Identification using gradient and least-squares algorithms. Indirect adaptive control: pole placement control, model reference control, predictive control, and problems with signularity regions. Direct adaptive control: strictly positive real transfer functions, Kalman-Yacubovitch-Popov lemma, passivity theory, and stability of pseudo-gradient adaptive algorithms. Persistency of excitation and sufficient richness conditions for para meter convergence. Averaging methods and robustness issues. Disturbance rejection.

6580  Implementations of Digital Signal Processing Systems (3) Prerequisite: ECE 5540 and 5710.
   Meets with ECE 5580. Review of common DSP systems and functional elements; number representations. Implementation of bit-parallel, bit-serial, and digit-serial multiplier and adder structures; carry-save arithmetic; register minimization. Architectural transformation techniques: folding and unfolding, pipelining, and retiming of computations. Performance and hardware tradeoffs in VLSI DSP system design. Pipelined and parallel direct-form FIR and IIR filter structures. Pipelined adaptive filter structures. Architectures for the fast Fourier transform. Graduate students only. Extra work required.

6640  Advanced Digital Signal Processing I (3) Prerequisite: ECE 5510 and 5540.
   Project-oriented class on advanced topics of current interest in signal processing. Examples of topics include image compression, nonlinear signal processing, active noise control, blind deconvolution, and equalization.

6641  Advanced Digital Signal Processing II (3) Prerequisite: ECE 5510 and 5540 and 6640.
   Project-oriented class on advanced topics of current interest in signal processing. Examples of topics include image compression, nonlinear signal processing, active noise control, blind deconvolution, and equalization.

6710  Digital VLSI Design (3) Cross listed as CP SC 6710. Prerequisite: CP SC/ECE 3700.
   Meets with ECE/CP SC 5710. Introduction to basic concepts of design of CMOS integrated circuits for students with a wide range of backgrounds. Static and dynamic properties of MOS circuits, composite layout of CMOS cirduits, modeling of transistors for use in SPICE simulations. Commonly encountered CMOS circuits. Introduction to CMOS analog/digital circuits. Students complete design, composite layouts, and digitization of a simple integrated circuit using computer-aided design tools. Graduate students only. Extra work required.

6720  Analog Integrated Circuit Design  (3) Cross listed as CP SC 6720. Prerequisite: ECE 3110.
   Meets with ECE/CP SC 5720. Design of analog and mixed-signal CMOS integrated circuits. Fundamental building blocks for analog circuits, including the basic principles of op amp, current mirror, and comparator design. The basics of sample-and-hold circuits. Students complete integrated circuit design, simulation, layout, and verification using computer-aided design tools. Graduate students only. Extra work required.

6722  Analog IC Testing (1) Cross listed as CP SC 6722.  Prerequisite:   CP SC/ECE 5720 or 6720.
  This course is designed for students who fabricated an integrated circuit in
CP SC/ECE 5720/6720. Students will test their chips independently and report on the experimental results.

6740  Computer-Aided Design of Digital Circuits (3) Cross listed as CP SC 6740. Prerequisite: CP SC/ECE 3700 and CP SC 3510.
   Meets with ECE/CP SC 5740. Introduction to theory and algorithms used for computer-aided synthesis of digital integrated circuits. Algorithms and representations for Boolean optimization, hardware modeling, combinational logic optimization, sequential logic optimization, and technology mapping. Graduate students only. Extra work required.

6750  Synthesis and Verification of Asynchronous VLSI Systems (3) Cross listed as CP SC 6750. Prerequisite: CP SC 3510.
   Meets with ECE/CP SC 5750. Introduction to systematic methods for design of asynchronous VLSI systems from high-level specification to efficient, reliable circuit implatations. Specification, protocols, graphical representations, synthesis, optimization using timing information, and verification. Graduate students only. Extra work required.

6770  Advanced Digital VLSI Systems Design (3) Cross listed as CP SC 6770.
   Important issues in full custom high speed circuit design.

6810  Advanced Computer Architecture (3) Cross listed as CP SC 6810. Prerequisite: ECE 3700 and 3810.
   Meets with ECE/CP SC 5810. Principles of modern high-performance computer and micro architecture; static vs. dynamic issues, pipelining, control and data hazards, branch prediction and correlation, cache structure and policies, cost performance and physical complexity analyses. Graduate students only. Extra work required.

6820  Parallel Computer Architecture (3) Cross listed as CP SC 6820. Prerequisite: CP SC/ECE 5810 or 6810.
   Architecture, design, and analysis of parallel computer systems: vector processing, data vs. control concurrency, shared memory, message passing, communication fabrics, case studies of current high performance parallel systems.

6830  VLSI Architecture (3) Cross listed as CP SC 6830. Prerequisite: ECE 3710 and 3810.
   Meets with CP SC/ECE 5830. Project-based sudy of a variey of topics related to VLSI systems. Use of field-programmable gate arrays to design, implement, and test a VLSI project. Graduate students only. Extra work required.

6900  Graduate Seminar (1) Prerequisite: Electrical Engineering Graduate Students.
   Meets with ECE 7900. Required of all masters graduate students.

6910  Graduate Seminar (1) Prerequisite: ECE 6900 and Electrical Engineering graduate students.
   Meets with ECE 7910. Required of all masters graduate students.

6950  Special Study: M.S. (1 to 6) Prerequisite: Electrical Engineering Graduate Students.

6960  Special Topics (1 to 5) Prerequisite: Electrical Engineering Graduate Students.

6961  Special Topics (1 to 5) Prerequisite: Electrical Engineering Graduate Students.

6970  Thesis Research: Master's (1 to 12) Prerequisite: Electrical Engineering Graduate Students.

6980  Faculty Consultation (3) Prerequisite: Electrical Engineering Graduate Students.

7310  Advanced Topics in Magnetic Resonance Imaging (3) Cross listed as BIOEN 7310, RDLGY 7310. Prerequisite: Electrical or Computer Engineering Majors and instructor's consent.
   In-depth study of physics and mathematics of MR imaging and MR spectroscopy as they relate to the imaging of biologic systems: NMR physics, Block's equations, pulse sequences, flow and diffusion phenomena, spectroscopy principles, methodology. Laboratory.

7320  3-D Reconstruction Techniques in Medical Imaging (3) Cross listed as BIOEN 7320, RDLGY 7320. Prerequisite: Electrical or Computer Engineering Majors and instructor's consent.
   Physics and mathematics of three-dimensional reconstruction techniques in medical imaging: projection slice theorem, back-projection techniques, analytical and iterative reconstruction alogrithms, numerical methods; applications in X-Ray CT, SPECT, PET, and NMR. Laboratory.

7900  Graduate Seminar III (1) Prerequisite: Ph.D student in the ECE department.
   Because of the rapidly advancing technology, graduate students continuing for their Ph.D. studies are required to take two additional semesters of Graduate Seminar, i.e., ECE 7900 and ECE 7910.

7910  Graduate Seminar IV (1) Prerequisite: Ph.D student in the ECE department.
   Because of the rapidly advancing technology, graduate students continuing for their Ph.D. studies are required to take two additional semesters of Graduate Seminar, i.e., ECE 7900 and ECE 7910.

7950  Special Studies: Ph.D. (1 to 6) Prerequisite: Electrical Engineering Ph D Students.

7970  Thesis Research: Ph.D. (1 to 12) Prerequisite: Electrical Engineering Ph D Students.

7980  Faculty Consultation (3) Prerequisite: Electrical Engineering Ph D Students.

7990  Continuing Registration: Ph.D. (0) Prerequisite: Electrical Engineering Ph D Students.