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1250  Reasoning and Rational Decision Making (3) Fulfills Quantitative Reasoning B Course.
   Analyzing and evaluating arguments, basic logical framework, Aristotelian logic and beginning logic of sentences, fallacies, fundamentals of probability, decision theory, and game theory.

1310  Science and Society (3) Fulfills Humanities Foundation.
   Examines the place of scientific knowledge in society, the impact of science on society, and the social demands on scientific research. Specific topics may include the human genome project, alternative medicine, and the measurement of human intelligence.

1600  World Religions (3) Fulfills Humanities Foundation.
   Comparative study of basic tenets of world's major living religions aimed at an appreciative understanding of each.

2080  Philosophical Issues in Feminism (3) Cross listed as WM ST 2080. Fulfills Diversity, Humanities Integration.
   Introduction to theoretical and applied issues in feminism. Topics include theories of gender, feminist critiques of science, pornography, and abortion.

2310  History of Science (3) Fulfills Humanities Foundation.
   A survey of important contributions to Western science including a detailed examination of at least two scientific revolutions associated with Copernicus, Newton, Darwin, or Einstein. Introduces students to the aims and methods of science and the distinctions between science and religion.

2500  Social Ethics (3) Fulfills Humanities Foundation.
   Introduction to philosophical discussion of social issues such as freedom and equality, war and violence, education, protest, capital punishment, euthanasia, affirmative action, reproductive issues, gender issues, and the state and the individual.

2850  Philosophy in Literature (3) Fulfills Humanities Foundation.
   Philosophical ideas expressed in literary works.

3010  Special Topics (1 to 3)
   Lecture course with variable subject-matter.

3200  Deductive Logic (4) Fulfills Quantitative Reasoning B Course.
   Elementary techniques of symbolic logic and their application to arguments in natural languages, truth functions, first-order quantification.

3210  Foundations of Probability and Statistics (3) Recommended Prerequisite: PHIL 2200. Fulfills Quantitative Intensive BS Course, Quantitative Reasoning B Course.
   Basic concepts of probability and statistics. Rival interpretations and applications.

3300  Theory of Knowledge (3) Fulfills Humanities Integration.
   Examines common-sense knowledge, its sources and problems, as well as scientific knowledge and mathematical and logical knowledge.

3370  Philosophy of Social Science (3)
   Explanation, prediction, and methodology; holism, individualism, reductionism; teleological and functional explanation; values and objectivity in the social and behavioral sciences.

3400  Mind, Language, and Reality (3) Fulfills Humanities Integration.
   Exploration of issues in metaphysics and philosophy of mind. Topics include causation, determinism, the nature of consciousness, and the relation of language to thought and the world.

3440  Cognitive Science (3) Fulfills Humanities Integration.
   Cognitive science is an interdisciplinary field studying the human mind comprised of philosophy, psychology, computer science, neuroscience, and linguistics. This course introduces students to the basic issues in the field and the contributions made by each discipline, especially philosophy of mind. The course can be used as a capstone for the cognitive science minor.

3500  Ethics (3) Fulfills Humanities Integration.
   Philosophical approaches to the nature of right and wrong, moral obligation, the source of moral rights and duties, ultimate moral values, etc.

3510  Business and Professional Ethics (3) Fulfills Humanities Integration.
   Moral issues in business justification of market allocation, problem of public goods, duties to consumers and employees, advertising, secrecy, and truth justifications for governmental regulation. Satisfies business ethics requirement for Management, David Eccles School of Business.

3520  Bioethics (3) Fulfills Humanities Integration.
   Moral issues arising out of advances in biological knowledge and technology, e.g., concerning behavior modification, genetic engineering, euthanasia, abortion, transplants, rights of patients.

3530  Environmental Ethics (3) Fulfills Humanities Integration.
   Basic theories of environmental ethics, issues in environmental ethics (e.g., wilderness/species preservation, animal rights, pollution control, development vs. preservation) distributive justice in relation to the environment.

3600  Philosophy of Religion (3)
   Principal problems in the philosophy of religion and solutions proposed by classical and contemporary philosophers.

3610  Religions of India (3) Fulfills Humanities Integration.
   Hinduism, Jainism, Buddhism.

3620  Religions of China and Japan (3) Fulfills Humanities Integration.
   Taoism, Confucianism, Buddhism, and Shintoism.

3630  Buddhist Thought (3)
   The development of Buddhist thought in India, Tibet, China, and Japan; from the historical Buddha to Zen.

3700  Political Philosophy (3) Fulfills Humanities Integration.
   Major political philosophers such as Hobbes, Locke, and Marx; important political concepts such as liberty, democracy, and justice.

3710  Philosophy of Law (3)
   The nature of law, legal obligations, and rights; relationship between law and morality.

3720  Philosophy of Education (3)
   Purposes of education and theories of how those purposes can be achieved.

3800  Aesthetics (3) Fulfills Humanities Integration.
   Meaning and validity of aesthetic judgments; nature of aesthetic experience; understanding, appreciation, evaluation of works of art; nature of artistic creativity.

3810  Existentialism (3) Fulfills Humanities Integration.
   Existentialist philosophers from Kierkegaard to Merleau-Ponty.

3910  Individual Research (1 to 3)
   Work with approved instructor on agreed research project.

4010  Senior Seminar (3) Prerequisite: Senior Philosophy Major standing. Fulfills Upper-division Communication/Writing.
   Capstone course for philosophy majors. Seminar treatment of some central philosophical problem(s) intended for majors in senior year.

4110  Ancient Greek Philosophy (3) Recommended Prerequisite: PHIL 3300 or 3400 or 3500. Fulfills Upper-division Communication/Writing.
   Development of Greek philosophy from its beginning to late antiquity; emphasis on Socrates, Plato, and Aristotle includes also Stoicism, Scepticism, and Epicurianism.

4120  Early Modern Philosophy (4) Recommended Prerequisite: PHIL 3300 or 3400 or 3500.
   Medieval background to Bacon and Descartes; empiricists and rationalists; Kant.

4130  Nineteenth-Century Philosophy (3) Recommended Prerequisite: PHIL 3300 or 3400 or 3500.
   Kant to Bradley.

4140  History of Analytic Philosophy (3) Recommended Prerequisite: PHIL 3300 or 3400 or 3500.
   Representative writings of major philosophers in the analytic tradition from Frege and Russell to the present.

4150  History of Continental Philosophy (3) Recommended Prerequisite: PHIL 3300 or 3400 or 3500.
   Representative writings of major philosophers in the continental tradition including Husserl, Sartre, Heidegger, Merleau-Ponty, Derrida.

4999  Honors Thesis/Project (3) Prerequisite: Senior Honors standing Fulfills Upper-division Communication/Writing.
   Restricted to students in the Honors Program working on their Honors degree.

5010  Special Topics (1 to 3)
   Lecture course with variable subject-matter intended for juniors and seniors. Taught in response to requests by students and interests of faculty.

5050  Phenomenology (3) Recommended Prerequisite: PHIL 4120.
   Development of phenomenology by Husserl and his followers as a methodology and a philosophical theory of conscious experience. For juniors and seniors.

5110  Issues in the History of Ancient and Medieval Philosophy (3) Recommended Prerequisite: PHIL 4110.
   Intensive study of significant themes in ancient or medieval philosophy or of the connections, contrasts, or debates between important figures in ancient or medieval philosophy. For juniors and seniors.

5120  Issues in the History of Modern and Recent Philosophy (3) Recommended Prerequisite: PHIL 4120 or 4130.
   Intensive study of significant themes in modern or recent philosophy or of the connections, contrasts, or debates between important figures in modern or recent philosophy. For juniors and seniors.

5130  History of Ethical Theory (3) Prerequisite: PHIL 3500 or instructor's consent.
   Ethical thought of Plato, Aristotle, Epicurus, Augustine, Aquinas, Hume, Kant, Butler, Mill, et al. For juniors and seniors.

5150  Topics in Classical Chinese Philosophy (3) Recommended Prerequisite: PHIL 3620.
   Intensive study of significant themes or the connections, contrasts, or debates between important figures or schools in ancient Chinese philosophy. For juniors and seniors.

5190  Philosophy of . . . (3) Recommended Prerequisite: PHIL 4110 or 4120 or 4130 or 4140 or 4150.
   Intensive study in the works of a single philosopher. Variable subject-matter. For juniors and seniors.

5200  Symbolic Logic (4) Prerequisite: PHIL 2200 or instructor's consent. Fulfills Quantitative Intensive BS Course, Quantitative Reasoning B Course.
   Metatheory of modern logic. Includes model theory and proof theory. Proofs of consistency and completeness for first-order logic, undecidability of logic, and incompleteness of formal arithmetic. May include applications of logic. For juniors and seniors.

5210  Modal Logic (3) Prerequisite: PHIL 2200 or instructor's consent.
   Basic work in logic of possibilities and necessities; nature of modality, theorems, and proof techniques in modal logic, possible worlds semantics, rigid and nonrigid designation, etc. For juniors and seniors.

5220  Topics in the Foundations of Logic and Mathematics (3) Prerequisite: PHIL 5200 or instructor's consent.
   Various topics in set theory, consistency of formal systems, incompleteness results, model theory, recursion theory, category theory. For juniors and seniors.

5230  Philosophy of Mathematics (3) Prerequisite: PHIL 2200 or 5200 or instructor's consent.
   Logicism, formalism, intuitionism; foundations of arithmetic and set theory; implications of selected meta-mathematical results.

5300  Epistemology (3) Prerequisite: PHIL 3300 or instructor's consent.
   Advanced treatment of topics such as the nature of and criteria for knowledge, perception, verification, truth, falsity, empirical and 'a priori' knowledge, induction, etc. For juniors and seniors.

5350  Philosophy of Science (3) Prerequisite: PHIL 2310 or 3000 or 3400 or 3370 or instructor's consent.
   Survey of contemporary issues in the philosophy of science. Topics may include nature of scientific explanation; structure, function, and cognitive status of scientific laws and theories; nature of scientific inductive method, realism, constructivism, cognitivist approaches to science. For juniors and seniors.

5400  Metaphysics (3) Prerequisite: PHIL 3400 or instructor's consent.
   Focused study of some of the traditonal problems and contemporary treatments of issues in metaphysics. Topics may include questions of identity conditions, individuation, causation and determinism, and essence and necessity. For juniors and seniors.

5450  Philosophy of Mind (3) Prerequisite: PHIL 3400 or instructor's consent.
   Survey of traditional and contemporary problems of the mind and its relation to the body. Topics may include the problem of other minds, personal identity, mental causation, dualism, physicalism, and some of the challenges consciousness and self-awareness raise for physicalism. For juniors and seniors.

5480  Philosophy of Language (3) Prerequisite: PHIL 3400 or instructor's consent.
   Survey of traditional and contemporary problems related to language. Topics may include how language refers to the world, how thoughts get mental content, the difference between what is said and what is communicated, demonstratives, indexicals, and self-reference. For juniors and seniors.

5500  Contemporary Ethical Theory (3) Prerequisite: PHIL 3500 or instructor's consent.
   Contemporary treatment of problems of ethics including the justification of moral beliefs, as well as a consideration of some particular moral theories or concepts. For juniors and seniors.

5510  Applied Ethics (3) Prerequisite: PHIL 3500 or 3510 or instructor's consent.
   Theoretical foundations of applied ethics. Ethical and meta-ethical theories and their application to professional and individual decision-making. The rational basis of moral judgments and policies in social and professional contexts. For juniors and seniors.

5520  Advanced Bioethics (3) Prerequisite: PHIL 3520 or instructor's consent.
   Advanced topics in bioethics. For juniors and seniors.

5600  Contemporary Philosophy of Religion (3) Prerequisite: PHIL 3600 or instructor's consent.
   Survey of recent or contemporary treatments of classical or contemporary problems in the philosophy of religion. For juniors and seniors.

5700  Advanced Political Philosophy (3) Prerequisite: PHIL 3700 or instructor's consent.
   Rigorous examination of theoretical bases of views concerning justice, liberty, equality, democracy, and grounds of political obligation. Material drawn from such classical figures as Plato, Aristotle, Locke, Rousseau, and Marx, as well as from contemporary writers such as Rawls and Nozick. For juniors and seniors.

5750  Advanced Philosophy of Law (3) Prerequisite: PHIL 3710 or instructor's consent.
   Treatment of problems in philosophy of law, such as the nature of a legal system, criteria for identifying law, nature of adjudication, punishment, enforcement of morality, and adversary system. Readings from traditional sources such as Aquinas, Blackstone, and Austin, and from contemporary thinkers such as H.L.A. Hart and Ronald Dworkin. For juniors and seniors.

5910  Individual Research (1 to 3)
   Work with an approved instructor on an agreed research project culminating in the writing of a substantial paper. Only available to juniors and seniors.

5920  Practicum (1 to 3)

6010  Special Topics (1 to 3) Prerequisite: Graduate standing required.
   Lecture course with variable subject-matter for graduate students. Taught in response to requests by students and interests of faculty.

6050  Phenomenology (3) Prerequisite: Graduate standing required.
   Development of phenomenology by Husserl and his followers as a methodology and a philosophical theory of conscious experience.

6110  Issues in the History of Ancient and Medieval Philosophy (3) Prerequisite: Graduate standing required.
   Intensive study of significant themes in ancient or medieval philosophy or of the connections, contrasts, or debates between important figures in ancient or medieval philosophy.

6120  Issues in the History of Modern and Recent Philosophy (3) Prerequisite: Graduate standing required.
   Intensive study of significant themes in modern or recent philosophy or of the connections, contrasts, or debates between important figures in modern or recent philosophy.

6130  History of Ethical Theory (3) Prerequisite: Graduate standing required.
   Ethical thought of Plato, Aristotle, Epicurus, Augustine, Aquinas, Hume, Kant, Butler, Mill, et al.

6150  Topics in Classical Chinese Philosophy (3) Prerequisite: Graduate standing required.
   Intensive study of significant themes or the connections, contrasts, or debates between important figures or schools in ancient Chinese philosophy.

6190  Philosophy of . . . (3) Prerequisite: Graduate standing required.
   Intensive study in the works of a single philosopher. Variable subject matter.

6200  Symbolic Logic (4) Prerequisite: Graduate standing required.
   Metatheory of modern logic. Includes model theory and proof theory. Proofs of consistency and completeness of first-order logic, undecidability of first-order logic, and incompleteness of formal arithmetic. Also may include applications of logic.

6210  Modal Logic (3) Prerequisite: Graduate standing required.
   Basic work in logic of possibilities and necessities; nature of modality, theorems, and proof techniques in modal logic, possible worlds semantics, rigid and nonrigid designation, etc.

6220  Topics in the Foundations of Logic and Mathematics (3) Prerequisite: Graduate standing required.
   Various topics in set theory, proofs of consistency for formal systems, incompleteness results, recursive function theory, category theory, model theory.

6230  Philosophy of Mathematics (3) Prerequisite: Graduate standing required.
   Logicism, formalism, intuitionism; foundations of arithmetic and set theory; implications of selected meta-mathematical results.

6300  Epistemology (3) Prerequisite: Graduate standing required.
   Advanced treatment of topics such as the nature of and criteria for knowledge, perception, verification, truth, falsity, empirical and a priori knowledge, induction, etc.

6350  Philosophy of Science (3) Prerequisite: Graduate standing required.
   Survey of contemporary issues in the philosophy of science. Topics may include nature of scientific explanation; structure, function, and cognitive status of scientific laws and theories; nature of scientific inductive method, realism, constructivism, cognitivist approaches to science.

6400  Metaphysics (3) Prerequisite: Graduate standing required.
   Focused study of some of the traditonal problems and contemporary treatments of issues in metaphysics. Topics may include questions of identity conditions, individuation, causation and determinism, and essence and necessity.

6450  Philosophy of Mind (3) Prerequisite: Graduate standing required.
   The problem of other minds, philosophical behaviorism, concepts of memory, imagination, perception, pleasure, et al.

6480  Philosophy of Language (3) Prerequisite: Graduate standing required.
   Survey of traditional and contemporary problems realted to language. Topics may include how lnguage refers to the world, how thoughts get mental content, the difference between what is said and what is communicated, demonstratives, indexicals, and self-reference. For juniors and seniors.

6500  Contemporary Ethical Theory (3) Prerequisite: Graduate standing required.
   Justification of moral beliefs, or critical consideration of particular moral theories or concepts.

6510  Applied Ethics (3) Prerequisite: Graduate standing required.
   Ethical and meta-ethical theories and their application to professional decision-making. The rational basis of moral judgments and policies.

6520  Advanced Bioethics (3) Prerequisite: Graduate standing required.
   Advanced topics in bioethics.

6600  Contemporary Philosophy of Religion (3) Prerequisite: Graduate standing required.
   Emphasizes one or a few problems in the contemporary literature.

6700  Advanced Political Philosophy (3) Prerequisite: Graduate standing required.
   Rigorous examination of theoretical bases of views concerning justice, liberty, equality, democracy, and grounds of political obligation. Material drawn from such classical figures as Plato, Aristotle, Locke, Rousseau, and Marx, as well as from contemporary writers such as Rawls and Nozick.

6750  Advanced Philosophy of Law (3) Prerequisite: Graduate standing required.
   Treatment of problems in philosophy of law, such as the nature of a legal system, criteria for identifying law, nature of adjudication, punishment, enforcement of morality, and adversary system. Readings from traditional sources such as Quinas, Blackstone, and Austin, and from contemporary thinkers such as H.L.A. Hart and Ronald Dworkin.

6910  Individual Research (1 to 5) Prerequisite: Graduate standing required.
   Work with an approved instructor on an agreed research project culminating in the writing of a substantial paper.

6920  Practicum (1 to 3)

6970  Master's Thesis Reasearch (1 to 12) Prerequisite: Graduate standing required.

6980  Faculty Consultation: Master's (3) Prerequisite: Graduate standing required.

6990  Continuing Registration, Master's (0)
   No description.

7010  Proseminar (3) Prerequisite: Graduate standing required.
   Variable subject material. Required of all entering graduate students.

7020  Seminar in Philosophical Traditions (1 to 3) Prerequisite: Graduate standing required.
   Variable subject material.

7080  Seminar in Philosophical Feminism (3) Prerequisite: Graduate standing required.
   Variable subject material.

7110  Seminar in Ancient Philosophy (3) Prerequisite: Graduate standing required.
   Variable subject material.

7120  Seminar in Medieval Philosophy (3) Prerequisite: Graduate standing required.
   Variable subject material.

7130  Seminar in Modern Philosophy (3) Prerequisite: Graduate standing required.
   Variable subject material.

7140  Seminar in Nineteenth-Century Philosophy (3) Prerequisite: Graduate standing required.
   Variable subject material.

7150  Seminar in Twentieth-Century Philosophy (3) Prerequisite: Graduate standing required.
   Variable subject material.

7200  Seminar in Logic and Philosophy of Logic (3) Prerequisite: Graduate standing required.
   Variable subject material.

7300  Seminar in Epistemology (3) Prerequisite: Graduate standing required.
   Variable subject material.

7350  Seminar in Philosophy of Science (3) Prerequisite: Graduate standing required.
   Variable subject material.

7400  Seminar in Metaphysics (3) Prerequisite: Graduate standing required.
   Variable subject material.

7450  Seminar in the Philosophy of Mind (3) Prerequisite: Graduate standing required.
   Variable subject material.

7480  Seminar in Philosophy of Language (3) Prerequisite: Graduate standing required.
   Variable subject material.

7500  Seminar in Ethics (3) Prerequisite: Graduate standing required.
   Variable subject material.

7510  Seminar in Applied Ethics (3) Prerequisite: Graduate standing required.
   Variable subject material.

7600  Seminar in the Philosophy of Religion (3) Prerequisite: Graduate standing required.
   Variable subject material.

7700  Seminar in Political Philosophy (3) Prerequisite: Graduate standing required.
   Variable subject material.

7850  Seminar in Philosophy of Literature (3) Prerequisite: Graduate standing required.
   Variable subject material.

7970  Thesis Research: Ph.D. (1 to 12)

7980  Faculty Consultation: Ph.D. (3)

7990  Continuing Registration: Ph.D. (0)
   No description.